Browsing by Author "Amararachchi, J. L"

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Open Access
Knowledge Management for Effective Clinical Diagnosis in Developing Countries
(Journal of Information Technology Review, 2013-05-02) Amararachchi, J. L; Pulasinghe, K; Perera, H. S. C
In the last two decades, the Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) revolution has redefined the structure of the 21st century healthcare organization. The fundamental challenge faced by the 21st century clinical practitioner in a developing country is to acquire proficiency in understanding and interpreting clinical information so as to update knowledge that leverage the quality of decisions made at the clinics. An additional challenge must be considered by the clinical practitioners to make potentially life-saving decisions whilst attempting to deal with large amounts of clinical data. Since the Clinical Knowledge Management Systems (CKMS) consist of most related Data, Information and Knowledge, it could be utilized to achieve the above challenges. Shortage of medical experts in Health Institutions located in rural and remote areas in developing countries being a huge problem which effects badly to the quality of healthcare. By providing facilities for medical practitioners to access KMS, this problem can be alleviated substantially. A Knowledge Management (KM) solution would allow healthcare institutions to give clinical data context, so as to allow knowledge derivation for more effective clinical diagnosis. It would also provide a mechanism for effective transfer of the acquired knowledge in order to aid healthcare workers as and when required. This study has identified the factors that affect to the knowledge management initiatives. There is a strong association between accessing and using Information/knowledge in clinical activities and quality of healthcare. Moreover, attitudes of Medical Practitioners (MP), Infrastructure facilities, patient Information systems, patient treatment, staff benefits etc., have shown positive effect to the success of Knowledge Management in Health Institutions. The research has used a case study methodology for accomplishing the research objectives. Rural and remote areas in Sri Lanka have been considered for the case study since it is one of the developing countries situated in the Asian region. Based on the outcome of the study, we introduce a KM framework for Healthcare Institutions which would assist HIs to discover and create new knowledge. The framework has been validated using a sample of 15 hospitals situated in the Kandy district in Sri Lanka.
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Knowledge management framework for achieving quality of healthcare in the developing countries
(IEEE, 2013-01-20) Amararachchi, J. L; Perera, H. S. C; Pulasinghe, K
A severe dearth of medical experts in health institutions in the rural and remote areas in developing countries has directly affected the quality of healthcare. This problem can be alleviated by providing facilities to access up to date medical Information and knowledge for doctors who are stationed in these areas to update their knowledge. Since Knowledge Management System (KMS) consists of most related Information and knowledge, medical KMSs could be utilized to enhance the quality of clinical activities. This study was aimed to identify the factors that affect the knowledge management initiatives. Findings of the research have shown that there is a strong association between accessing and using Information/ knowledge in clinical activities and the quality of healthcare. Moreover, attitudes of Medical Practitioners (MP), Infrastructure facilities, patient Information systems, patient treatment, staff benefits etc., have contribute positively towards the success of knowledge management in Health organizations. The research has used the case study methodology for accomplishing the research objectives. Remote and rural areas in Sri Lanka have considered for the case study which is one of the developing countries in the Asian region.
Embargo
Knowledge management framework for achieving quality of healthcare in the developing countries
(IEEE, 2013-01-20) Amararachchi, J. L; Perera, H. S. C; Pulasinghe, K
A severe dearth of medical experts in health institutions in the rural and remote areas in developing countries has directly affected the quality of healthcare. This problem can be alleviated by providing facilities to access up to date medical Information and knowledge for doctors who are stationed in these areas to update their knowledge. Since Knowledge Management System (KMS) consists of most related Information and knowledge, medical KMSs could be utilized to enhance the quality of clinical activities. This study was aimed to identify the factors that affect the knowledge management initiatives. Findings of the research have shown that there is a strong association between accessing and using Information/ knowledge in clinical activities and the quality of healthcare. Moreover, attitudes of Medical Practitioners (MP), Infrastructure facilities, patient Information systems, patient treatment, staff benefits etc., have contribute positively towards the success of knowledge management in Health organizations. The research has used the case study methodology for accomplishing the research objectives. Remote and rural areas in Sri Lanka have considered for the case study which is one of the developing countries in the Asian region.
Embargo
Methodology of knowledge representation from natural language (Onto_X)
(IEEE, 2013-04-26) Koggalahewa, D. N; Amararachchi, J. L; Pilapitiya, S. U; Geegange, D. T. K
Information available in different formats cannot be understood by a computer or a machine due to lack of a proper knowledge representation mechanism. It always requires more human effort in feeding the knowledge to the computers or the knowledgebase. XML covers the basic level of knowledge representation, but is incapable of utilizing the concepts and semantics in a proper way. Onto_X is an effort made to automate the process of ontology construction from an annotated xml file or database. The annotation process is done by any natural language processing tool (apart from the system). The system requires an xml file as the input and converts it into ontology in owl format. The system is capable of generating the semantics over annotated content with owl components. XML entities will be automatically mapped into the owl components such as classes, sub classes, instances and relationships. The conversion mechanism is totally automated inside the Onto_X since it assures all the co-relationships over the annotated content. The conversion process identifies the xml properties and assigns semantics with the integration of word-net 2.1 and owl properties over the parsed content. The system uses the protege libraries for the conversion process. The most special feature in the conversion process is that it uses its own inference, without just mapping xml properties to owl. The system is capable of visualizing the mapped owl ontology and it allows the user to refine the content of the constructed ontology. The final outcome of the system is ontology in owl format, which is mapped from the xml file or a database. The research ensures a better knowledge representation mechanism and it will assure the creation of domain knowledge from the xml file. The expandability is high since it takes information from the base level.
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Semantic Self Learning And Teaching Agent (SESLATA)
(IEEE, 2013-04-26) Koggalahewa, D. N; Amararachchi, J. L; Pilapitiya, S. U; Geegange, D. T. K
Semantic Self Learning And Teaching Agent (SESLATA) is a self learning software which is capable of learning from a natural language source. It identifies language complexity, ambiguity and influence of diverse writing styles to extract and decipher. The specialty herein the system is, usage of its acquired knowledge to perform teaching and explaining activities to its end users. The agent is capable of updating its own knowledge and it interacts with learner through intelligent response and using own experiences in the process of teaching according to learner's knowledge. Simply it learns somewhat like a human and teaches what it has learnt as a human does. The software is endowed with inventions involving in Natural Language Processing, machine learning, explanation and knowledge representation and ontology, which are still under research. Self learning from natural language (acquiring the domain knowledge to model ontology), automate the ontology creation from natural language, the teaching and explaining capability of an agent, updating the knowledge via ontology, knowledge representation and sharing, a new methodology of online learning, teaching according to the depth of user's knowledge are the major findings of the system.
Embargo
Sentence based mathematical problem solving approach via ontology modeling
(IEEE, 2016-09-26) Geeganage, D. T. K; Koggalahewa, D. N; Amararachchi, J. L; Karunananda, A. S
Mathematics includes solving a variety of problems by applying theories and formulas. Thus mathematical problem solving requires performing arithmetical operations by using analytical and problem solving skills. Sentence based mathematical problems contains real world scenarios and requires to apply both mathematical and problem analyzing knowledge to solve problems. Human beings solve sentence based mathematical problems by applying different mathematical formulas and theorems to the comprehend questions. Understanding the sentence based questions requires an additional effort to grab the content and grasped content should be mapped with known concepts in terms of variables. Organizing the variables and formulas by understanding the relationships and properties would be important to formulate the answer. Thus the content can be easily modeled using an ontological approach and the problem solving can be accomplished by querying the ontology using a multi agent approach. Sentenced based mathematical problem solving approach demonstrates a system which can solve mathematical questions by acquiring the semantics of the question and applying learnt formulas. Information extraction from the question, ontology based knowledge representation, multi agent based ontology querying and answer generation with explanations can be defined as major functions. This approach can be used to introduce effective intelligent tutoring systems in any domain.