Browsing by Author "De Silva, D. I"

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Embargo
Analysis and enhancements of a cognitive based complexity measure
(IEEE, 2017-06-25) De Silva, D. I; Kodagoda, N; Kodituwakku, S. R; Pinidiyaarachchi, A. J
As stated by Tom DeMacro, something that cannot be measured is uncontrollable. Thus, a number of metrics have been developed to measure the complexity associated with software by considering various aspects such as size, control flow and data flow between modules, cognitive informatics etc. Amongst these aspects, cognitive informatics is recognized as a promising aspect in measuring software complexity. Thus, majority of the complexity metrics that were proposed after the introduction of cognitive informatics have been proposed mainly based on the cognitive aspect. Amongst them, Chhillar and Bhasins' weighted composite complexity measure is one of the few metrics that had attempted to measure the complexity of a program by considering more than three or more complexity factors. After a thorough analysis, in a previous study, the authors identified that the weighted composite complexity measure could be further improved by considering more complexity factors. This paper extends the previous study to identify the most appropriate factors that could be considered by the weighted composite complexity measure. Using the opinions of the industry experts, the authors were able to discover that compound conditional statements, threads and recursion could also be considered by the weighted composite complexity measure. Accordingly, the weighted composite complexity measure was enhanced to capture the complexities that arise due to those factors. The paper also includes a demonstration of the complexity calculation method of the improved weighted composite complexity measure with the use of three sample java programs, which were written by incorporating the above mentioned factors. In addition, an application of the weighted composite complexity measure to the same programs are also given in the paper, to illustrate the changes in complexity values of the two measures.
Embargo
Applicability of three complexity metrics
(IEEE, 2012-12-12) De Silva, D. I; Kodagoda, N; Perera, H
Over the years a number of complexity metrics have been proposed. However, there have been only a few studies conducted to compare those proposed metrics in terms of their practical applicability. The few researches that have been conducted to assess the applicability of a complexity metric have also used the five properties proposed by Briand et al. However determining whether a complexity measure satisfies some theoretical complexity properties is not a reliable method of determining the practical applicability of it. Thus, the main intent of this study was to compare three proposed code complexity metrics: McCabe's cyclomatic complexity, Halstead's software science and Shao and Wangs' cognitive functional size and identify which metric is the most suitable metric that can be used in the current state of the art with the help of thirty programmers. To conduct this empirical study ten freely available java programs were used as the base. From this study it was identified that Shao and Wangs' cognitive functional size is the best complexity metric that can be used in the real world.
Embargo
Applicability of Weyuker's properties using three complexity metrics
(IEEE, 2013-04-26) De Silva, D. I; Kodagoda, N
Although a number of complexity metrics have been proposed, only a few studies have been conducted to compare those proposed metrics to find the most effective and comprehensive metric. In general, to find the effectiveness and the comprehensiveness of a metric Weyuker's nine properties are used. However determining whether a complexity metric satisfies some theoretical framework is not enough to determine the effectiveness and comprehensiveness of that particular metric. Thus, this empirical study was conducted to find the effectiveness and comprehensiveness of three complexity metrics - McCabe's cyclomatic complexity, Halstead's software science and Shao and Wangs' cognitive functional size using the help of thirty software programmers with five or more years of working experience and thereby demonstrate the applicability of Weyuker's properties.
Embargo
Assisting Wheelchair: Assist W
(IEEE, 2021-12-07) Ranaweera, D; Athalage, C; Sri Virajamana, M; Kaveesha, C; De Silva, D. I; De Silva, H
Traditional wheelchairs used by disabled people are required to be controlled manually. Hence, continuous monitoring and assistance of a caretaker is a mandatory requirement. This paper introduces an autonomous assisting wheelchair - Assist W, which would facilitate disabled people to do their day-to-day activities independently in a very safe manner, thereby managing their mental and physical health. Assist W can scan the location and design a 2D map of the house using SLAM algorithm and LIDAR sensor. After generating the map, Assist W is able to move automatically according to the commands (Voice and touch) given by the user, with the help of the map data. There is an AR (Augmented Reality) chat-bot that acts as a good companion to manage the mental health of the disabled person. Assist W is also able to manage the security and physical health of the disabled person by providing a fall detection system and automatic lifting system, and sending emergency alerts to the caretakers. This system was tested using simulation.
Embargo
Augmented Reality Based Platform for Simulation of 3D Models, Generated with a Series of 2D Images, on Real Environment
(IEEE, 2014-10-21) Ashinshanie, S. A. D. N. N; Hazari, A; Rupasinghe, H. N; Hettiarchchi, D. P; De Silva, D. I
With the need of an Augmented Reality based platform for simulation of three dimension models, generated with a series of two dimension images, on real environment, the main objective of this project is to build a platform for users to use both these functionalities. This is a mobile application which helps people to decide when they are buying household items, whether that item fits their desired place in the house. Three dimension models can be downloaded using the application and it will be simulated in the real time environment using the concept of Augmented Reality. A desktop application will be implemented for sellers to upload their three dimension models and to generate three dimension models using photographs. With the use of the technology people can make their lives easier, and this is another step the development team has taken to help that cause. Main goal is that with the use of this application people will be able to make their decisions easily when they are going to buy large household items.
Embargo
CodeMage: educational programming environment for beginners
(IEEE, 2017-02-01) Whittall, S. J; Prashandi, W. A. C; Himasha, G. L. S; De Silva, D. I; Suriyawansa, T. K
CodeMage is an interactive educational programming environment targeted at novice Java programmers who have little knowledge in basic programming. The system comes with innovative features such as, real-time guidance and reviews, code generation tool, visual debugger, hinting system for best practices, remote tutor and database manipulation tool which makes it a unique educational programming environment. Though many of programming tools are available in the market, they have their drawbacks in suitability to be adopted in programming by beginners due to the complexity in software interface, cryptic error messages and warning messages, no adequate support to fix errors and not adhering to real-world programming context etc. CodeMage is an attempt to overcome above problems and change how novices perceive and practice Java programming around the world and it is working as expected.
Open Access
Enhancements to an OO Metric: CB Measure.
(Journal of Software, 2018-01-01) De Silva, D. I; Kodituwakku, S. R; Pinidiyaarachchi, A. J; Kodagoda, N
Due to the wide usage of the object-oriented paradigm as a development paradigm many researches have proposed metrics to measure the complexity of object-oriented programs. The proposed object-oriented metrics can be divided into two categories based on the main aspect they have considered: metrics based on object-oriented aspects and metrics based on the cognitive aspects. Majority of the metrics which belong to the latter category have relied on a maximum of three complexity factors to derive the complexity of a program. CB measure is one of the few metrics that has considered four or more complexity factors to measure the complexity associated with a software program. However, there exists some other factors that could be considered by the CB measure to make it a more practically applicable measure. Such factors were proposed by the authors in a previous study. This paper demonstrates how those factors can be incorporated to the CB measure. In addition, it validates the practical applicability of the modified CB measure.
Embargo
A Fully Functional Shopping Mall Application--SHOPPING EYE
(IEEE, 2014-11-18) Karunarathna, K. M. D. M; Weerasingha, H. M. D. A; Rumy, M. M; Rajapaksha, M. M; De Silva, D. I; Kodagoda, N
In the modern world, shopping has become an essential day to day activity for most of the people. However, their busy life style has lessened the time to do shopping. This has made them to look for quicker and easier ways to do their shopping. Some of the difficulties that people have to go through when they do shopping include having to travel a long distance without knowing the availability of the items, difficulty in finding relevant shops inside a shopping mall, forgetting to buy some items which they intended to buy. In order to overcome the above mentioned problems a fully functional shopping mall application is proposed in this paper. It contains details about all the shops inside a mall, available items, customer wish lists and a map. It consists of a mobile application developed using Android and a Server side module which act as a main database server for connecting with customers and shop owners. Both the modules communicate through web services. In this project wireless communication technique -- Bluetooth is used to identify the vertical and horizontal position of the customer. Augmented reality based technique is used to tag the shops with its promotions, loyalty points etc.
Embargo
A Fully Functional Shopping Mall Application--SHOPPING EYE
(IEEE, 2014-11-18) Karunarathna, K. M. D. M; Weerasingha, H. M. D. A; Rumy, M. M; Rajapaksha, M. M; De Silva, D. I; Kodagoda, N
In the modern world, shopping has become an essential day to day activity for most of the people. However, their busy life style has lessened the time to do shopping. This has made them to look for quicker and easier ways to do their shopping. Some of the difficulties that people have to go through when they do shopping include having to travel a long distance without knowing the availability of the items, difficulty in finding relevant shops inside a shopping mall, forgetting to buy some items which they intended to buy. In order to overcome the above mentioned problems a fully functional shopping mall application is proposed in this paper. It contains details about all the shops inside a mall, available items, customer wish lists and a map. It consists of a mobile application developed using Android and a Server side module which act as a main database server for connecting with customers and shop owners. Both the modules communicate through web services. In this project wireless communication technique -- Bluetooth is used to identify the vertical and horizontal position of the customer. Augmented reality based technique is used to tag the shops with its promotions, loyalty points etc.
Embargo
Improvements to a complexity metric: CB measure
(IEEE, 2015-12-18) De Silva, D. I; Kodagoda, N; Kodituwakku, S. R
Controlling the complexity of software applications is an essential part of the software development process as it directly affects maintenance activities such as reusability, understandability, modifiability and testability. However, as stated by Tom DeMarco “You cannot control what you cannot measure”. Thus, over the years many complexity metrics have been proposed with the intention of controlling and minimizing the complexity associated with software. However, majority of these proposed complexity metrics are based on only one aspect of complexity. The CB measure introduced by Chhillar and Bhasin is one metric which relies on a number of complexity factors to decide on the complexity of a program. However, it also has some shortcomings and can be further improved. Thus, this paper attempts to propose some additional complexity factors that the CB measure has not considered, to further improve it. The paper also presents an extensive coverage about the software complexity metrics proposed in the literature.
Open Access
Intelligent Document Writer
(ICCTICT 2016, 2016) De Silva, D. I; Samaratunge, S. A. U; Srirankan, K
With the advancement in technology now it has come to an era where a vast majority of people opting to use computers for their day to-day life activities. However, in terms of document writing most of the people struggle to create appropriate documents according to defined formats in a shorter period of time. In addition, people with less information technology literacy find it extremely difficult to create documents by themselves using existing software. The proposed system acts as a solution to this problem. It allows users to operate most of the features that are helpful in creating documents through their voice. In addition, it will automatically create documents based on a user given title, identify almost all the punctuation issues in a document and correct them automatically, suggest related words while a user is speaking or typing, search for references based on the user’s input and list and cite them accordingly, allow users to easily and quickly place the images from the internet in appropriate places in the document file, and will read the documents according to the user’s desires. Through this application users will be able to create document easily, quickly and conveniently. To check the accuracy level of recognizing the pronunciation accents of the Sri Lankan people, 50 people who resided in different locations were chosen randomly. For that sample, the system managed to achieve an accuracy level of 75 percent. Correcting grammar mistake feature achieved an 80 percent accuracy. Reference management feature was tested against 150 different documents and achieved 70 percent accuracy. The feature which was used for easy handling of images was also tested was accuracy using 50 different documents and it managed to achieve 85 percent accuracy.
Open Access
iShop—Shopping application for visually challenged
(IEEE, 2017-02-01) De Silva, D. I; Nashry, M. R. A; Varathalingam, V; Murugathas, R; Suriyawansa, T. K
In the life of visually challenged people shopping is one of the greatest challenges. From getting around the supermarket to paying the bill at the cashier they need to rely on someone else. They never get a chance to shop on their own. Whether the person uses a cane, a seeing-eye dog or other sight tools, shopping is still a painstaking chore for them. This paper presents iShop - a complete mobile solution for the above mentioned problem of visually challenged people. iShop is developed in order to address the issues that the visually challenged people face while they do shopping and to provide a new, convenient shopping experience using modern technology.
Embargo
Limitations of an object-oriented metric: Weighted complexity measure
(IEEE, 2015-09-23) De Silva, D. I; Kodagoda, N; Kodituwakku, S. R; Pinidiyaarachchi, A. J
Many computer science practitioners and software developers believes that the complexity of a program could be controlled more effectively by using object-oriented programming concepts. In addition to controlling complexity, the object-oriented approach allows faster development, reduction in costs, higher quality, easier maintenance, increased scalability, better information structures, and increased adaptability. As such, more and more programs are written using the object-oriented programming approach rather than using the traditional functional approach. This demand has spurred the provision for a number of object-oriented metrics. Out of them, Chidamber and Kemerers' metrics suite is one of the most prominent object-oriented metrics that has been proposed. It has been widely validated and has been accepted as a useful predictor of object-oriented design complexity. But it does not consider the complexities that occur due to factors such as the nesting level and type of control structures, and the size of the program. Thus, Chhillar and Bhasins' introduced the weighted complexity measure to address these issues. It is the only metric which considers the complexities that occur due to inheritance level of statements, nesting level and type of control structures, and the size of the program. However, weighted complexity measure also has some limitations. This paper attempts to draw the readers' attention to those limitations, with the hope that it will be further improved by addressing them.
Embargo
Limitations of an object-oriented metric: Weighted complexity measure
(IEEE, 2015-09-23) De Silva, D. I; Kodagoda, N; Kodituwakku, S. R; Pinidiyaarachchi, A. J
Many computer science practitioners and software developers believes that the complexity of a program could be controlled more effectively by using object-oriented programming concepts. In addition to controlling complexity, the object-oriented approach allows faster development, reduction in costs, higher quality, easier maintenance, increased scalability, better information structures, and increased adaptability. As such, more and more programs are written using the object-oriented programming approach rather than using the traditional functional approach. This demand has spurred the provision for a number of object-oriented metrics. Out of them, Chidamber and Kemerers' metrics suite is one of the most prominent object-oriented metrics that has been proposed. It has been widely validated and has been accepted as a useful predictor of object-oriented design complexity. But it does not consider the complexities that occur due to factors such as the nesting level and type of control structures, and the size of the program. Thus, Chhillar and Bhasins' introduced the weighted complexity measure to address these issues. It is the only metric which considers the complexities that occur due to inheritance level of statements, nesting level and type of control structures, and the size of the program. However, weighted complexity measure also has some limitations. This paper attempts to draw the readers' attention to those limitations, with the hope that it will be further improved by addressing them.
Open Access
A mobile base application for cataract and conjunctivitis detection
(University of Kelaniya, 2020) Soysa, A; De Silva, D. I
With time the life patterns of humans have evolved at a rapid space. Today, it has come to a point where people are opting to put their health status behind other priorities in life. A contemporary example is the spreading of the COVID-19 virus. One of the other significant health issues faced by the present-day community is illnesses related to the eyes. However, unlike other health issues, most of the eye diseases can be cured with proper attention. Cataract and Conjunctivitis are identified as two of the main eye diseases faced by a mass amount of people around the world. If left untreated, these diseases can even lead to blindness. As a matter of fact, Cataract has been reported as the first cause of blindness by the world health organization. Typically, the detection of these diseases is done by an ophthalmologist with the use of a special medical equipment. Thus, the channeling of an ophthalmologist has become a mandatory requirement for the detection of these diseases. In addition, the availability of medical equipment and medical officers is deficient in rural areas. Thus, as a solution for the above-mentioned issues, it was decided to propose a mobilebased application, Eye Plus, for the detection of Cataract and Conjunctivitis diseases. Using Eye Plus, one would be able to test his/her eyes at a convenient time in any place for a zero cost. In addition, it provides additional information related to Cataract and Conjunctivitis diseases. Another special feature of the application is the ability to operate it without the help of another party. At present, the application achieved a success rate of 83.3% for a collection of 150 images.
Embargo
Sales Optimization Solution for Fashion Retail
(IEEE, 2021-12-09) Ganhewa, N. B; Abeyratne, S. M. L. B; Chathurika, G. D. S; Lunugalage, D; De Silva, D. I
The Fashion industry is one of the extensive, changeable, and growing businesses to exist. It encompasses fashion retailing which functions as a mediator between the manufacturers and clients. On account of the inconsistency of this industry, maximizing sales has been a crucial task. The objective of this research study is to analyze and explore product and consumer behavior and thereby maximize sales in the fashion retail industry for women’s clothing to overcome the struggles regarding gaining sales confronted by the industry. The emergence of big data and machine learning has a positive influence on fashion retailing. ML has been utilized in this research to implement a web application that aids in optimizing sales. It comprehends sales forecasting, customer segmentation, and customer demand analytics. Each research component obtains diverse inputs to initialize the prediction and visualization procedure. The models are built employing the Extra Trees Regressor algorithm, K-means algorithm, and Naïve Bayes algorithm. Finally, for specified inputs, results will be predicted that comprise sales forecasts for products, segmentation of consumers, and forecasts about most demanded fashion item’s characteristics. This paper portrays the proceedings of data preparation, model development, and results of each research component.
Embargo
Scylax-preference based personalized Tour Planner with Virtual Reality
(IEEE, 2016-12-16) De Silva, D. I; Kaluthanthri, I. U; Sudaraka, K. S; Karunarathna, U. P. D; Jayalath, J. M. T. I
Over the decades, travelling has experienced continuous growth and deepening diversification to become one of the fastest growing economic sectors in the world. Among the existing travelling applications, only a handful facilitate the ability to plan a tour which is entirely based on user preferences, while offering an in-depth look at the desired destination. Therefore, this research focuses on integrating semantic technologies, collaborative filtering and Virtual Reality into the domain of travelling and provide preferred user oriented tour plans with superlative user satisfaction. The key factor that needs to be understood is that the preferences or the behavior of one user may be entirely different from another. “Scylax” has introduced the concept of preferences and behavior based personalized tour planning and the way of exploring desired routes, major stops or attractions along the way via virtual reality 360 view experience. In addition, business organizations can use the web-based dashboard to maintain their services, offers and obtain business analytic based improvements.
Embargo
Smart image-interaction with digital image
(IEEE, 2016-12-16) De Silva, D. I; Saleem, S. A; Mariathas, J. A; Veerasingham, T; Mahawithana, S
Images are the only source where the user can capture the real world environment on a two dimensional space. But these days the user has to use many cropping and cloning tools to manipulate, remove and do all necessary editing to an object in digital images. Smart image is developed as revolutionary solution with simpler user interfaces for users to interact with these digital images. The system helps to extract the objects and reconstructs the background with minimal user interaction. The user simply has to select an object to manipulate or remove. The wall is detected with edge detection and the color and texture of the wall is changed according to the user input. In addition to those features there will be a mobile version for the proposed system to capture a set of images of objects of their interest are captured and the system generates a three dimensional model from the design item. The system is demonstrated on a range of real world images and validated.
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A translator from sinhala to english and english to sinhala (sees)
(IEEE, 2012-12-12) Wijerathna, L.; Pulasinghe, K; Somaweera, W. L. S. L; Kaduruwana, S. L; Wijesinghe, Y. U; De Silva, D. I; Thellijjagoda, S
This paper presents a rule based machine translation system which is capable of translating sentences from Sinhala to English and vice versa. This is the first Sinhala to English and English to Sinhala machine translation system which comes with features such as a Sinhalese font translator, which is capable of interpreting Sinhalese words written in English characters (Singlish) to Sinhala characters, and an English grammar and spell checker. An entered sentence to the system will be tokenized and translated according to a rule. When translating Sinhala sentences to English the user input should be in Singlish and when translating English sentences to Sinhala input should be in English. The main objective of this translator is to enable a smooth flow translation of words, sentences and paragraphs to locals as well as foreigners and thereby eliminate the language barrier. A considerable amount of rules, patterns and words of both languages were used to develop this system. With 87% accuracy this pilot machine translation system translated 500 grammatically well-structured Sinhala sentences to English and 150 grammatically well-structured English sentences to Sinhala. The system is capable of translating approximately 70 sentences in one minute.
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Virtual Dressing Room: Smart Approach to Select and Buy Clothes
(IEEE, 2021-12-09) Weerasinghe, S. W. P. N. M; Rajapaksha, R. M. D. D; Sathsara, L. G. I; Gunasekara, H. S. D. N; Wijendra, D. R; De Silva, D. I
The clothing industry portrays a major part of a respective country`s economy. Due to the predilection for clothing items of the people have led to the increasing of physical and online clothing stores in all around the world. Most of the people are used to go to the physical shopping and purchase their desired clothing items. But, as a consequence of the current pandemic situation, most of the people are unable to step out from their homes. This application is intended to cater an opportunity to the customers, who are not able to reach the physical clothing stores due to a pandemic situation and mobility difficulties. In addition, this application diminishes the time wastage, clothing size mismatches and the lesser user satisfaction ratio inside a physical clothing store. A customized 3D model has featured in the application to cater the virtual fitting experience to the customer. And the AI chatbot assistant in the application interacts with the user while catering virtual assistance for a better cloth selection process. In addition to that, this application has concentrated on the clothing shop by providing a future sales prediction component utilizing the K-Nearest Neighbors algorithm to provide an aid to their business commitments.