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Author: search.filters.author.Thambiliyagodage, C. JSubject: search.filters.subject.Acid

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    PublicationOpen Access
    Leaching of ilmenite to produce titanium based materials: a review
    (Springer International Publishing, 2021-12) Thambiliyagodage, C. J; Wijesekera, R; Bakker, M. G
    Naturally available ilmenite mineral is being used as a starting material to produce titanium based products that have wide applications. Transformation of ilmenite to diferent titanium based materials by strong and weak acid, and base digestion, is discussed. Efects of temperature, concentration of acid/base, reaction time on dissolution of ilmenite are extensively reviewed. Characterization of the starting materials, intermediates and the products by x-ray difraction, thermogravimetry, brunauer–emmett–teller surface area analysis, and scanning electron microscopy are presented. Further, advantages and disadvantages associated with the digestion methods are discussed.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Ball milling–A green and sustainable technique for the preparation of titanium based materials from ilmenite
    (Elsevier, 2022-01-01) Thambiliyagodage, C. J; Wijesekera, R
    Ilmenite is a naturally available mineral that is highly applicable in the synthesis of pure TiO2. Titania mainly presents in four polymorphs as rutile, anatase, brookite and TiO2–B. Titania could be mined from minerals such as ilmenite, leucoxene and rutile among which ilmenite is the main source. Ball milling is a mechanical activation method used before subjecting ilmenite to chemical treatment methods to produce titanium based materials. Effect of milling time, milling intensity, milling atmosphere, the introduction of reducing agents on the particle size, surface area, annealing temperature, and the crystal structure of the products are reviewed. The effect of ball milling on acid digestion of ilmenite in hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid is discussed. Further, the effect of mechanical activation on hydrothermal treatment of ilmenite is explained in detail.