Faculty of Engineering
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Publication Embargo Nonlocal strain gradient modeling of vibration energy harvesting in fluid-immersed bimorph sandwich nanoplates under thermal environment(American Institute of Physics, 2025-02-07) Roodgar Saffari, P; Senjuntichai, T; Rajapakse, NThis research details a method for mathematically simulating and assessing thermal vibration energy harvesting in laminated bimorph nanoplates in fluid contact. The model uses the piezoelectric characteristics of the outer layers and the functionally graded (FG) core material to transform thermal stresses into electrical energy efficiently. Nanostructures' size effects and nonclassical behavior are captured by the nonlocal strain gradient theory (NSGT). Combining the Navier-Stokes equations with the electromechanical equations obtained from Hamilton's principle, first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT), and Gauss's law yields an advanced multi-physics model. The FG core exhibits variations by the power law principle and is composed of both ceramic and metal components. Analytical solutions are obtained for the frequency response functions that relate the electrical power output to the external circuit load resistance by solving the coupled electromechanical-fluid equations. A thorough investigation is conducted to analyze how different elements impact energy harvesting performance using parametric studies. These factors include the configuration of the harvester (either parallel or series piezoelectric connections), nonlocal and strain gradient effects, temperature gradients, fluid depth, electrical load, geometric dimensions, and the material properties of the piezoelectric layers, and functionally graded core.Publication Embargo Indentation of a nanolayer on a substrate by a rigid cylinder in adhesive contact(Springer Vienna, 2020-08) Tirapat, T; Senjuntichai, T; Rungamornrat, J; Rajapakse, R. K. N. DNanoindentation is employed to characterize the mechanical properties at the nanoscale. This paper considers the mechanical response of a nanoscale elastic layer on an elastic substrate that is indented by an adhesively bonded flat-ended rigid cylindrical punch. The complete Gurtin–Murdoch continuum model is employed to capture the size effects. The contact problem is analyzed by relating displacements of the contact region to contact stresses by a flexibility equation system, which is developed by discretizing the contact region into annular elements. The flexibility equation involves displacement influence functions corresponding to axisymmetric normal and radial surface ring loads applied on the layer-substrate system. The displacement influence functions are derived by using the Hankel integral transforms. Convergence and accuracy of the proposed solution scheme are verified by comparing with limiting cases such as the classical elasticity solution. Selected numerical results indicate that the substrate becomes stiffer and the elastic field is size-dependent due to the surface energy effects.Publication Embargo Vertical vibration of a circular foundation in a transversely isotropic poroelastic soil(Elsevier, 2020-05-01) Senjuntichai, T; Keawsawasvong, S; Rajapakse, R. K. N. DAnalytical methods based on linear elasticity have been used to model the dynamic response of foundations. These solutions commonly assume that soils are isotropic and elastic. Incorporation of anisotropy and the two-phased nature of soils (solid skeleton with pores filled with water) is important in the study of dynamic response of foundations. This paper presents the explicit analytical solutions for a transversely isotropic poroelastic soil half-space under a buried time-harmonic vertical load and a time-harmonic pore pressure discontinuity. These versatile fundamental solutions are derived by using Hankel integral transforms. They can be used to analyze a variety of dynamic problems in geomechanics. The fundamental solutions are then applied to solve the time-harmonic vertical vibration of a flexible circular foundation by using variational methods. Selected numerical results are presented to demonstrate the influence of soil anisotropy, poroelasticity, foundation flexibility, depth of embedment and frequency of excitation on the vertical dynamic response of foundation and the force transmitted to soil.Publication Embargo Vertical Vibration of Multiple Flexible Strip Foundations on Multilayered Transversely Isotropic Poroelastic Soils(American Society of Civil Engineers, 2021-11-01) Senjuntichai, T; Keawsawasvong, S; Rajapakse, R. K. N. DIn this paper, vertical vibrations of a group of flexible strip foundations on multilayered transversely isotropic poroelastic soils are presented. The dynamic interaction problem is studied by employing a variational approach based on the discretization of the strip-soil contact region. Exact stiffness matrices for each layer and the half-plane are explicitly derived in the Fourier transform space for the first time to determine the influence functions required in the variational scheme. A set of numerical results for the vertical displacement and the bending moment of the foundations are presented to illustrate the influence of governing parameters such as anisotropic properties, foundation rigidity, and distance between strips on the dynamic interaction between foundations.Publication Embargo Exact stiffness method for quasi-statics of a multi-layered poroelastic medium(Pergamon, 1995-06-01) Senjuntichai, T; Rajapakse, R. K. N. DA method is presented to study the three-dimensional quasi-static response of a multi-layered poroelastic half-space with compressible constituents. The system under consideration consists of N layers of different thickness and material properties overlying a homogeneous half-space. Fourier expansion, Laplace transforms and Hankel transforms with respect to the circumferential, time and radial coordinates, respectively, are used in the formulation. Laplace-Hankel transforms of displacements and pore pressure at layer interfaces are considered as the basic unknowns. Exact stiffness matrices describing the relationship between generalized displacement and force vectors of a finite layer and a half-space are derived explicitly in the transform space. The global stiffness matrix of a layered system is assembled by considering the continuity of tractions and fluid flow at layer interfaces. The time histories of displacements, stresses and pore pressure are obtained by solving the stiffness equation system for discrete values of Laplace and Hankel transform parameters, and using numerical quadrature schemes for Laplace and Hankel transform inversions. Selected numerical results for different layered systems are presented to portray the influence of layering and poroelastic material properties. The advantage of the present method is that for an N-layered system, it yields a numerically stable symmetric stiffness matrix of order 4N × 4N when compared to the unsymmetric and numerically unstable coefficient matrix of order 8N × 8N associated with the conventional method based on the determination of layer arbitrary coefficients.Publication Embargo Transient response of a circular cavity in a poroelastic medium(John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 1993-06) Rajapakse, R. K. N. D; Senjuntichai, TThis paper considers the transient response of a pressurized long cylindrical cavity in an infinite poroelastic medium. To obtain transient solutions, Biot's equations for poroelastodynamics are specialized for this problem. A set of exact general solutions for radial displacement, stresses, pore pressure and discharge are derived in the Laplace transform space by using analytical techniques. Solutions are presented for three different types of prescribed transient radial pressures acting on the surface of a permeable as well as an impermeable cavity surface. Time domain solutions are obtained by inverting Laplace domain solutions using a reliable numerical scheme. A detailed parametric study is presented to illustrate the influence of poroelastic material parameters and hydraulic boundary conditions on the response of the medium. Comparisons are also presented with the corresponding ideal elastic solutions to portray the poroelastic effects. It is noted that the maximum radial displacement and hoop stress at the cavity surface are substantially higher than the classical static solutions and differ considerably from the transient elastic solutions. Time histories and radial variations of displacement, hoop stress, pore pressure and fluid discharge corresponding to a cavity in two representative poroelastic materials are also presented.Publication Embargo Dynamic Green's functions of homogeneous poroelastic half-plane(American Society of Civil Engineers, 1994-11) Rajapakse, R. K. N. D; Senjuntichai, TThis paper presents a comprehensive analytical and numerical treatment of two‐dimensional dynamic response of a dissipative poroelastic half‐plane under time‐harmonic internal loads and fluid sources. General solutions for poroelastodynamic equations corresponding to Biot's theory are obtained by using Fourier integral transforms in the x‐direction. These general solutions are used to solve boundary‐value problems corresponding to vertical and horizontal loads, and fluid sources applied at a finite depth below the surface of a poroelastic half‐plane. Explicit analytical solutions corresponding to above‐boundary‐value problems are presented. The solutions for poroelastic fields of a half‐plane subjected to internal excitations are expressed in terms of semiinfinite Fourier type integrals that can only be evaluated by numerical quadrature. The integration path is free from any singularities due to the dissipative nature of the elastic waves propagating in a poroelastic medium, and the Fourier integrals are evaluated by using an adaptive version of the trapezoidal rule. The accuracy of present numerical solutions are confirmed by comparison with existing solutions for ideal elasticity and poroelasticity. Selected numerical results are presented to portray the influence of the frequency of excitation, poroelastic material properties and types of loadings on the dynamic response of a poroelastic half‐plane. Green's functions presented in this paper can be used to solve a variety of elastodynamic boundary‐value problems and as the kernel functions in the boundary integral equation method.Publication Embargo Dynamic response of a multi‐layered poroelastic medium(John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 1995-05) Rajapakse, R. K. N. D; Senjuntichai, TAn exact stiffness matrix method is presented to evaluate the dynamic response of a multi-layered poroelastic medium due to time-harmonic loads and fluid sources applied in the interior of the layered medium. The system under consideration consists of N layers of different properties and thickness overlying a homogeneous half-plane or a rigid base. Fourier integral transform is used with respect to the x-co-ordinate and the formulation is presented in the frequency domain. Fourier transforms of average displacements of the solid matrix and pore pressure at layer interfaces are considered as the basic unknowns. Exact stiffness (impedance) matrices describing the relationship between generalized displacement and force vectors of a layer of finite thickness and a half-plane are derived explicitly in the Fourier-frequency space by using rigorous analytical solutions for Biot's elastodynamic theory for porous media. The global stiffness matrix and the force vector of a layered system is assembled by considering the continuity of tractions and fluid flow at layer interfaces. The numerical solution of the global equation system for discrete values of Fourier transform parameter together with the application of numerical quadrature to evaluate inverse Fourier transform integrals yield the solutions for poroelastic fields. Numerical results for displacements and stresses of a few layered systems and vertical impedance of a rigid strip bonded to layered poroelastic media are presented. The advantages of the present method when compared to existing approximate stiffness methods and other methods based on the determination of layer arbitrary coefficients are discussed.