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Item Embargo Hybrid Deep Learning Approach Using YOLO and Spatial Transformers for Kinesthetic Math Education in Low-Resource Settings(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025-07-03) Sellapperuma M.S; Wasana, K.H. I; Dhananjana, B.K. T; Anuruddhika, D. L. N; Krishara, J; Wijendra, DThis research presents a hybrid deep-learning system to enhance kinesthetic math education for Grade 4 and 5 students in low-resource Sri Lankan classrooms, addressing addition, subtraction, and time-telling skills in Sinhala. Integrating fine-tuned You Only Look Once version 11 (YOLOv11) for real-time abacus recognition and pre-trained Spatial Transformer Network (STN) with Residual Network 50 (ResNet50) for analog clock analysis, the system bridges physical manipulatives with digital feedback. Optimized for low-cost hardware via post-training quantization, it reduces model sizes by up to 56.6% and inference times by 45.9%, enabling deployment on standard PCs. The methodology employs YOLOv11 to detect abacus beads (mean Average Precision, mAP50-95: 0.898) and STN + ResNet50 to correct clock perspectives (95.2% accuracy on SynClock), delivering immediate Sinhala feedback through a culturally adapted interface. The system was evaluated on an Intel Core i5 PC with 8GB RAM and achieved sub-second inference (YOLOv11: 170.1 ms, STN + ResNet50: 32 ms post-quantization) while retaining accuracy. A pilot study with 20 students showed a 25% improvement in arithmetic scores and 30% in time-telling accuracy, with 85% reporting higher engagement. These findings demonstrate the system's efficacy in boosting numeracy and interaction in resource-scarce settings, aligning with the Visual, Aural, Read/Write, Kinesthetic (VARK) framework. Despite challenges like hardware constraints and real-world variability, this scalable, offline-capable solution offers a novel approach to educational technology, with potential for broader deployment in Sri Lanka and similar contexts, addressing gaps in artificial intelligence-driven kinesthetic learning tools. ©Item Embargo Context-Aware Behavior-Driven Pipeline Generation(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025-04-24) Gunathilaka, P; Senadheera, D; Perara, S; Gunawardana, C; Thelijjagoda, S; Krishara, JAn efficient CI/CD process is crucial for modern software teams, but manual pipeline creation is error-prone and requires high DevOps expertise, slowing deployment speed and reducing productivity. This research introduces a context-aware, behavior-driven approach to fully automating CI/CD pipeline generation by analyzing GitHub user activity patterns. The proposed solution utilizes a historical analysis of repository events, developer contributions, and workload distribution to dynamically generate pipelines and assign reviewers to pull requests based on expertise. Unlike previous template-based and generative AI solutions that require manual intervention, our approach leverages pattern recognition and adaptive decision-making to continuously refine automation. This paper presents the methodology behind data collection, analysis, and pipeline generation, demonstrating its effectiveness in reducing human effort while improving software delivery efficiency. This research highlights how behavior-driven automation streamlines the complexity of CI/CD pipeline creation, enabling more adaptive and intelligent systems that effectively respond to the evolving needs of software development teams.Item Embargo DiverseMind: An Integrated Framework for Children with Multi-Dimensional Challenges as Slow Learners(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025-07-03) Jayasundara, H; Neewin, S; Kiriwaththuduwa, C; Herath, R; Krishara, J; Thelijjagoda, SEducation systems worldwide struggle to support slow learners, who face difficulties in traditional classrooms due to learning challenges in writing, mathematics, attention, and memory. Slow learners, characterized by an Intelligence Quotient (IQ) between 70 and 85, require additional time and adaptive learning methods to grasp concepts effectively. However, existing educational frameworks lack comprehensive screening and targeted interventions. This research introduces "DiverseMind", an integrated framework designed to identify and assist slow learners among Grade 4 primary school children in Sri Lanka using advanced Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, image processing, and multi-model architecture. The system evaluates academic abilities through four key assessments of writing skills, mathematical proficiency, attention span, and short-term memory. A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based model, achieving a training accuracy of 98% combined with a Python-based weighted condition function, classifies writing accuracy, while Decision Tree (DT) classifiers analyze mathematical capabilities with 98% accuracy. Attention span is assessed using facial landmark detection, gaze tracking, and emotion recognition, where the CNN model trained on 28,709 images achieved a training accuracy of 80%. Short-term memory is evaluated through ML driven cognitive tasks, with the DT model achieving 99% accuracy. In addition to comprehensive assessments and interventions, the system provides a dedicated dashboard for the teachers to monitor the student progress. By integrating gamification and AI-driven learning analytics, "DiverseMind"promotes inclusive education and bridges the gap in support for slow learners, ensuring they receive the necessary resources to reach their full potential.Item Embargo Grade 6 Coding Education through Interactive Learning in Sri Lanka(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2025-12-08) Nallaperuma, S; Perera, A; Nanayakkara, N; Hansaja, D; Krishara, J; Wijendra, DThis study proposes an AI-powered Adaptive Learning Management System (LMS) to enhance coding education for school students. The system integrates six AI/ML models and FaceNet-based facial authentication to deliver adaptive learning pathways, real-time feedback, and personalized assessments. It begins with an initial benchmarking assessment across seven categories, after which the Exam Difficulty and Question Count Model and a fine-tuned GPT-2 generator collaboratively create customized multiple-choice questions based on each learner's capability. Learning is supported through skill prediction, dynamic difficulty monitoring, and emotional state detection to ensure both cognitive and emotional engagement. Students scoring above 60% advance directly to coding curricula, while others receive personalized scaffolding through multimodal learning-style-based modules. Teachers benefit from AI-powered analytics tools that offer continuous feedback, weak-topic detection, and pedagogical guidance to enhance teaching effectiveness. By combining authentication, adaptive assessment, emotional intelligence, and teacher support, this study presents a comprehensive framework to democratize coding education and foster resilience, motivation, and mastery among students aged 10-12.Item Open Access Intelligent Systems for Comprehensive Dog Management(Association for Computing Machinery, 2025-06-28) Katipearachchi, M.E; Sachethana, O; Gunawardena, G.N.A; Ruwanara, D.C; Krishara, J; Kasthurirathna, DIn recent years, the integration of advanced technologies with canine welfare has gained significant attention, leading to the development of comprehensive platforms for dog management. The "Research Pooch-Paw"initiative addresses the multifaceted needs of dog owners and stray dog populations through an innovative platform that incorporates machine learning, wearable sensors, and real-time data processing. The platform facilitates early disease detection, behaviour analysis, and health monitoring using IoT-enabled devices, and provides personalized care guidance. Additionally, it includes features for stray dog identification and emergency response using deep learning algorithms and image processing techniques. The research underscores the potential of leveraging modern technology to enhance the quality of life for dogs and improve the effectiveness of canine welfare strategies.Item Embargo Knowledge Graph-Based AI Framework for Predicting Nutritional and Health Impacts of Food Ingredients(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2026-08-04) Dakshina P.D.S.D; Rupasighe W.A.R.K; Waduge N.P; Nimsitha M.V.T; Tissera, W; Rathnayake, S; Krishara, JThe increasing complexity of modern food products and dietary supplements has made it challenging for both consumers and healthcare professionals to interpret nutritional information and assess the potential health risks associated with these products. Modern food labeling schemes provide static and fragmented information and cannot effectively capture the relationships between different ingredients, nutrients and their health effects. In this study, a new AI-based framework named Food Health Risk Analyzer has been proposed that utilizes KGs, GNNs, RAG and a dose-response module based on consumption quantities to perform the dynamic, explainable and evidence-based prediction of food-related health risks. The model uses heterogeneous data in order to analyze the relationships between ingredients and diseases to predict potential health risks while generating scientifically supported explanations as well. The experimental evaluation has shown high prediction accuracy with a micro-F1 score of 0.88 and AUC of 0.85 which shows that the framework surpasses conventional machine learning baseline models. In addition to that, the use of RAG has helped in improving the interpretability of predictions through evidence-based natural language explanations whereas dose-response module improves the practical relevance of risk assessment by considering the consumption quantities of ingredients.Item Embargo Identify Dyscalculia, Dysgraphia Learning Disabilities in Deaf and Mute Primary Students and Help to Improve Learning Abilities(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2026-01-22) Perera, G; Neththasinghe, H; Rasanjana, D; Thalakotunna, Y; Krishara, J; Rajendran, KLearning disabilities, particularly Dyscalculia and Dysgraphia, significantly hinder students' academic, social, and future occupational outcomes. Deaf and mute primary students face amplified challenges due to limited availability of specialized educational resources and tools that cater to their unique communication needs. This research presents an innovative, intelligent learning environment designed specifically to identify and mitigate Dyscalculia and Dysgraphia among deaf and mute primary students. Leveraging advanced artificial intelligence, computer vision, and machine learning (ML) technologies, the developed system incorporates Sinhala Sign Language (SLSL) and interactive, adaptive learning methodologies. The identification process employs Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to analyze handwritten numerical inputs and sign language gestures, categorizing students based on the severity of their conditions. Subsequently, personalized, engaging instructional activities facilitate gradual skill development and continuous improvement. Robust data privacy measures ensure ethical standards, while automated tracking provides actionable insights for educators and parents. Initial findings indicate significant improvements in student performance and engagement, demonstrating the system's efficacy in delivering inclusive, culturally relevant, and accessible educational interventions tailored for deaf and mute students.Item Embargo AloeGreen: Smart IOT-Based System for Aloe Vera(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2026-05-21) Megasooriya, E; Rajapaksha, H; Rajapaksha, H; Bandara, A; Krishara, J; Wijendra, DAgriculture plays a vital role in food security, yet Aloe vera cultivation remains vulnerable to environmental variability, nutrient imbalance, disease occurrence, and unstable market conditions. This study presented AloeGreen, a crop-specific AI-IoT smart agriculture framework designed to support Aloe vera cultivation through integrated sensing, forecasting, and decision-support modules. The system combined real-time IoT-based field monitoring with machine learning models for yield prediction, environmental forecasting, disease detection, fertilizer recommendation, and price forecasting. A key contribution of the study was a forecast-informed yield prediction strategy in which short-term environmental forecasts were incorporated into the yield estimation pipeline to support future-aware decision-making. In addition, domain-specific agronomic features, including water stress and heat stress indices, were introduced to better represent Aloe vera growth conditions. For the yield prediction module, the cleaned hourly cultivation dataset contained 1,048,330 observations after removing missing critical fields and duplicates. Experimental results showed that XGBoost achieved the best yield prediction performance with an RMSE of $\mathbf{1 0. 0 2}$ and an $\mathbf{R}^{\mathbf{2}}$ of $\mathbf{0. 8 9 2}$, while the environmental forecasting module achieved strong performance for temperature and humidity prediction, although rainfall prediction remained comparatively weaker. The disease detection module achieved balanced classification performance of approximately 77% accuracy, and Random Forest performed best in both price forecasting and fertilizer recommendation tasks. Overall, the findings showed that integrating IoT sensing with intelligent analytics in a unified Aloe vera cultivation platform can improve decision support, reduce uncertainty, and contribute to more sustainable smart agriculture practices.Item Embargo Throat AI - An Intelligent System For Detecting Foreign Objects In Lateral Neck X-Ray Images(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025) Baddewithana, P; Krishara, J; Yapa, KForeign Object ingestion is a commonly encountered medical condition within the Ear, Nose, and Throat clinical domain. Timely and accurate detection of such objects is vital, as it often guides the need for surgical intervention. Among the available imaging techniques, lateral neck X-rays are the most widely used radiographs to visualize and assess the presence of FOs in the throat. However, manual interpretation of these images can be time-consuming and subject to human error, potentially leading to misdiagnosis or delayed treatment. This research presents a deep learning-based software solution, deployable via web and mobile platforms, aimed at assisting medical professionals with the automated detection of FOs in lateral neck X-rays. The system leverages state-of-the-art YOLO object detection models, specifically evaluating novel versions such as YOLO-NAS-s, YOLOv11s, and YOLOv8s-OBB to ensure high detection accuracy and deployment efficiency. The best-performing model, YOLO-NAS-s, achieved a validation accuracy of 96.3%. For deployment, the model was hosted on the Roboflow platform and accessed via a FastAPI-based middleware server. Performance evaluation showed an average inference time of approximately 2 seconds and a memory footprint of around 100 MB on standard computing hardware, demonstrating its suitability for integration into resource-constrained clinical environments. This setup highlights the system's lightweight design and real-world applicability. Training, evaluation, and testing of the deep learning models were conducted using a dataset curated from public local healthcare institutions and online medical imaging repositories.Item Embargo An Integrated Deep Learning Framework for Early Detection of Vision Disorders(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025) Jayathilaka, S; Balaruban, D; Kumanayake, I; Elladeniya, A; Wijendra, D; Krishara, J; De Silva, MVision impairment due to retinal diseases like Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD), Glaucoma, and Retinal Vein Occlusion (RVO) poses a significant health challenge in Sri Lanka, where these conditions are leading causes of blindness. This research presents a novel multi-disease prediction system leveraging advanced deep learning techniques for early detection of DR, AMD, Glaucoma, and RVO. The study utilized publicly available datasets, including retinal fundus images from repositories such as RFMiD, IDRiD, APTOS validated by medical professionals to ensure diagnostic reliability. These images were preprocessed and augmented to train robust convolutional neural network (CNN) models tailored to each disease. The predictive models were developed and optimized using hybrid architectures, integrating attention mechanisms and feature fusion for enhanced performance. This approach achieved high accuracies 93% for DR, 92% for AMD, 94% for Glaucoma, and 94% for RVO demonstrating robustness and consistency across diverse retinal conditions. To validate real-world applicability, the models underwent further testing in clinical settings using a Sri Lankan dataset, reflecting local disease prevalence and imaging conditions. By combining validated public data with clinical testing, this scalable system supports ophthalmologists in early diagnosis, reducing diagnostic delays and improving patient outcomes. This work offers a reliable, innovative solution to mitigate the burden of blindness in Sri Lanka and beyond.