Adoption Of A Circular Economy Framework In The Design Phase Of The Refurbishment Project

Abstract

Sustainable development in the built environment depends on minimizing environmental impact and conserving resources. In refurbishment projects, integrating circular economy (CE) principles during the design stage can significantly reduce waste and enhance resource efficiency. This study presents a tailored CE framework based on the 2D3R model, which emphasizes Design for Disassembly, Design for Adaptability, and the strategies of Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle. The framework was developed through a combination of literature review, expert interviews, and survey analysis to identify drivers and barriers to CE adoption in refurbishment. Key findings highlight the role of digital technologies particularly Building Information Modeling (BIM) in improving material traceability and facilitating lifecycle assessments. These tools support the implementation of circular strategies by enabling better planning and design decisions early in the project. The study concludes that applying the 2D3R approach in initial design phases enhances sustainability, reduces costs, and improves the adaptability and longevity of refurbished buildings.