The Effectiveness of Intermittent Fasting Diet Compared with Ketogenic Diet in Reducing Weight of the Adults with Obesity – A Systematic Review

Abstract

Obesity is a worldwide health concern, characterized by excessive body fat posing risks to overall health. In 2016, almost 13% of individuals above 18 years were obese, and projections for 2025 estimate higher rates, emphasizing the need for effective weight management strategies. Two popular diets, the ketogenic diet and intermittent fasting, have gained attention for their potential in adult weight reduction. Intermittent fasting involves alternating eating and fasting periods, while the ketogenic diet promotes ketosis through low carbs and high fat. This systematic review aims to compare the efficacy of intermittent fasting and ketogenic diet to clarify which approach may be more advantageous for adults looking to lose weight. Relevant literature from 2017 to 2023 was searched in databases such as CINAHL, MEDLINE, PUBMED, Science Direct, and Cochrane. Additionally, a few numbers of studies before 2017 were taken due to the availability of related information. Seven highly relevant articles were selected using PRISMA guidelines. After careful analysis, the study suggests that intermittent fasting holds promise for weight loss, particularly in comparison to the ketogenic diet. Intermittent fasting achieves weight loss without the potential side effects of the ketogenic diet, such as nutrient deficiencies. Conversely, a simple mealskipping approach in intermittent fasting may not suit everyone, warranting consultation with professionals for suitable dietary decisions. This study highlights the effectiveness of intermittent fasting as a potential weight loss strategy over the ketogenic diet, underscoring the importance of medical consultation in individual dietary planning.