Rajapakshe, W2026-03-262025-01-01979-833733822-4979-833733820-0https://rda.sliit.lk/handle/123456789/4919This chapter examines compensation management, emphasizing its vital role in modern organizations. It defines compensation management, distinguishing between direct (salaries, bonuses) and indirect (benefits, non- monetary rewards) forms. The chapter highlights its importance in attracting, retaining, and motivating talent, linking these outcomes to performance and sustainability. It explores how compensation reflects and reinforces culture and values, shaping behavior and commitment. The evolution from an operational to a strategic HR function is outlined, showing alignment with goals such as innovation and efficiency. The role of compensation in managing change, supporting globalization, and embracing diversity is discussed, illustrating adaptability to complex environments. Key principles of effective compensation management and a six- step process—from job analysis to wage and salary implementation—are presented, underscoring its contribution to a motivated, engaged, high- performing workforce aligned with strategy.enJob analysisCompensation managementComplex environmentsGlobalisationManaging changesMonetary rewardsBook chapterDOI: 10.4018/979-8-3373-3820-0.ch001