Research Papers - Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Start date: 2020Subject: search.filters.subject.Sri Lanka

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Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    Reviewing the Economics of Using LPG Vs. Electricity for Household Cooking in Sri Lanka
    (IEEE, 2020-11-16) Jayasekara, S; Fernando, Y. S
    Cooking is an essential activity in the households in Sri Lanka. Sri Lankan households utilize several types of fuel to produce heat for their daily cooking needs. The most commonly used energy sources are Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) and Electricity. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the economic aspects of using each of these energy sources. This research aims to use existing data on several cooking appliances along with LPG and Electricity charges in Sri Lanka to calculate the costs of using each of the energy sources. With the total monthly cost of LPG at Rs.560/= and Electricity at Rs.1150/= as of March 2020, this study suggests that LPG is the most suitable energy source for cooking in Sri Lankan households.
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    The Potential Role of Carbon Tax in Achieving the Paris Agreement Targets for a Developing Country: A Case Study of Sri Lanka
    (IEEE, 2020-10-20) Fernando, G. L; Liyanage, M. H
    This study assess the effect of carbon taxes on energy and emissions of the Sri Lankan energy sector during 2015-2050. Along with a Business As Usual (BAU) scenario, three alternative carbon price trajectories were considered. These scenarios have been proposed based on fifth Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP5) to achieve the 2°C Paris target for Asia. The Carbon Price trajectories proposed by AIM/CGA, REMIND-MAgPIE and GCAM were considered. The energy-economic-environmental system was modelled using the AIM/Enduse model. It considered both energy supply and demand sectors. The results show that in the BAU scenario the GHG emissions are expected to increase from 19.8MtCO 2e in 2015to 106.2MtCO 2e in 2050. Out of three carbon tax scenarios the prices proposed by AIM/CGA has been the most efficient for reduction of GHG emissions as it could reduce final energy consumption by 26% and GHG emissions by 24% in 2050 as compared to BAU scenario.
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    Economic Viability of Solar PV for Domestic Applications in a Middle-Income Country: A case Study of Sri Lanka
    (IEEE, 2020-10-20) Wijesinghe, J. K; Najim, M. Y. M; Fernando, G. L; Liyanage, M. H
    This study focuses on the economics of using solar Photovoltaics for residential in a middle-income country like Sri Lanka. It considers solar irradiance in the Colombo district to estimate the power generation potential by a selected 2.16kWp solar PV system throughout the year. It used solar irradiance data by NASA Surface Meteorology and Solar Energy (SSE), satellite solar insolation values for Sri Lanka and used the Liu and Jordan (LJ) method. Furthermore, it considered the economics of four different scenarios as model houses depending on appliance usage with net accounting. It was seen that without net accounting the Levelized cost of electricity could be as high as US0.69/kWh.However,withmechanismslikenetaccounting,itcouldbereducedtoUS 0.12 /kWh with full owners' contribution. Under the net accounting scheme houses that consume above 300 kWh/month will have the lowest payback period of 2 years and 9 months.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Technology Assessment of Herbal Products Industry in Sri Lanka
    (SSRN, 2021-06-29) Silva, N; Perera, H. S. C; Perera, L. C. D.T
    Production of herbal product is not only a local business but also has global market opportunities. Therefore manufacturing with proven quality and consistency is an important aspect. The manufacturers should gain technological competence to ensure authenticity and efficacy, complying the quality and safety regulations, enhanced productivity and efficiency. In the competitive market environment technology assessment is a tool which can be used in projecting future trajectories of technology as well as current performance level of the organization. Out of the available models and frameworks for technological assessments, this study has used inputs from two models namely, the Technology Audit Model by Garcea – Areola and Outline of Innovation Management Audit by Tidd et al. these inputs have been used to develop a single model that can be effectively adaptable to herbal products industry. There are two main objectives of the study. Firstly, develop a model which includes guide lines for technology assessment of the herbal products industry in Sri Lanka. Secondly, assessment of the level of technology position of LNP Ltd using the model and presenting recommendations for future improvements. To accomplish the objectives, the study has identified five broad areas of technology, namely Technological Environment, Technological Strategy, Innovations and Technology Development, Technology Component and Technology Transfer, against which the LNP Ltd has been analyzed. A check sheet to cover these elements has been used to guide through the assessment process. The elements using a three of the point scale ranging from High to Low (High -3, Low-1). The score of 3 for each element will represent the industry standard practice against which the other practices are measured.