Research Publications
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Publication Open Access Impact of Psychosocial Factors on Sustainability of Stock Investors’ Inclination: A Case of the South Pacific Stock Market(SLIIT,Business School, 2022-12) Saliya, C. APrevious research has documented that psycho-cognitive resources and socioeconomic status have significant influences on investment behavior in financial assets. Drawing from the positive psychosocial perspective, I hypothesized that positive enterprising personality mediates the influence of individual characteristics on investment behavior. I tested this hypothesis in the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) framework using a purposive sample of potential stock investors in Fiji. The theoretical framework and analytical procedures, I introduce here, can also be used to discover additional factors influencing investment inclination and then estimate the predictors of stock market investments in other developing countries with similar socioeconomic contexts, for example, Sri Lanka. The results revealed that four latent factors (Intuition, Education and knowledge, Sociocultural norms, and Enterprising personality) are distinct dimensions of investment inclination together with the maturity factor (Age) towards stock investments. The findings could broaden our understanding about the direct and indirect impact of psychosocial characteristics on stock market participation through positive, personal resources such as an enterprising personality. The findings will be useful for financial service providers and regulators in designing educational programs for different levels of maturity, knowledge, and education, to enhance enterprising personality qualities amongst people generally, and inculcate positive attitudes towards stock investments in the young through high school curricula and mass-awareness programs.Publication Open Access Emerging Challenges in Regulation of E-Commerce: An Insight of Laws in Sri Lanka(Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, SLIIT, 2020) Balendra, S.The growth of e-commerce in Sri Lanka is posing significant legal and regulatory challenges. The paper attempts to study and highlight deficiencies in the present legal framework regulating e-commerce in Sri Lanka. Content analysis of Electronic Transactions Act No.19 of 2006 (as amended) and other relevant legislations revealed, the existing framework recognises e-contract, e-signature, and e-documents. Still, certain drawbacks are unsettled in practice. In addition, areas like privacy and data protection, intermediary liability, security, and consumer protection are left unaddressed in the current regulatory framework. The study further identifies that the traditional dispute resolution mechanisms are no more effective in e-commerce disputes. Finally, adhering to the international standards, the paper makes key suggestions for policy and decision-makers to overcome these challenges.Publication Embargo An Exploratory Study on Work Stress and Job Satisfaction during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Hotel Sector Employees of Sri Lanka(Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, SLIIT, 2022-09-15) Bradie-Miles, E.M.A; Donmanige, I.CCOVID-19 has affected employees worldwide, especially in the hotel industry, with restricted travel, limited incoming flights, and guests, which presents challenges for hotels and employees. Therefore, it is essential to investigate how COVID-19 has affected hotel employees' job satisfaction and work stress. This study aimed to determine whether the stress at work generated by COVID-19 directly affects the job satisfaction of hotel employees in Sri Lanka. The researcher recruited hotel employees in Sri Lanka through purposive sampling following a selective criterion; 18 years or older, locally employed, with two or more years of industry experience. The researcher, part of a larger mixed-method project, presented the qualitative findings in this article, using a qualitative research design with semi-structured interviews to collect employee responses (N = 7) before subjecting the responses to content analysis. Ultimately, the main findings indicated that work stress generated by COVID-19 partially impacted the job satisfaction of Sri Lankan hotel employees. Other factors reported included COVID-related financial issues and procedural changes that significantly affected employees. Several solutions presented in the findings to improve job satisfaction and work stress during COVID- 19 included effective financial management by hotels, and extra support, for example, counselling and improved workplace communication. Overall, the satisfaction of Sri Lanka’s hotel workers' jobs has been affected by work stress and partially by COVID-19. Therefore, future research should explore the influences of COVID-19 on job satisfaction and work stress among Sri Lankan hotel employees and throughout the world.Publication Embargo Correlates of Severe Pain: Descriptive Study among Patients with Cancer in Sri Lanka(Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, SLIIT, 2022-09-15) Edirisinghe, N. P; Makuloluwa, P. T. R; Amarasekara, A. A. T. D; Goonewardena, C. S. EThe most prevalent and unpleasant symptom that cancer patients encounter is pain. Pain is a highly subjective feeling resulting from the intricate interaction of bio-psycho-social aspects of the individual. The study aims to describe the correlates of severe pain in cancer patients in Sri Lanka. Methods: The descriptive study involved 384 cancer patients from Apeksha Hospital, Maharagama. Patients over 18 years who experienced cancer pain for three months or more, related to the primary lesion, secondary lesions, radiation, or chemotherapy were eligible. Patients whose pain is due to a non-cancerous source, triggered under three months of the assessment, and those who are too frail or disoriented with evidence of brain metastases are either unable or unwilling to give informed consent were excluded. The patients fulfilling inclusion criteria were recruited using the consecutive sampling method. The correlates of severe pain were determined using logistic regression A validated Sinhala version of the Short Form Brief Pain Inventory and a pre-tested socio-demographic questionnaire was used to collect data. The correlates of severe pain were determined using logistic regression. Statistically significant correlation was shown between severe pain and ‘male gender’, (AOR=1.723; p=0.035); ‘being in marriage’ (AOR =1.947; p=0.026); ‘patients with no perceived family commitments’ (AOR=1.8; p=0.013) and pain of three months or more duration (AOR = 1.76; p=0.021). In conclusion it is discovered that the severe pain is positively correlated with males, ‘being in a marriage,’ ‘no perceived family commitments, and in pain for over a three months duration.Publication Embargo Intimate Partner Violence: A problem without a Proper Solution(Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, SLIIT, 2022-09-15) Palatuwa, IIn many countries across the world, intimate partner violence is a widespread occurrence. However, there is a distinction in how each jurisdiction has sought to combat it. Different countries have adopted methods to offer victims of IPV urgent remedies so that they do not have to return to an environment where the abuser dwells or, in some situations, restrict the abuser's access. Some nations have even gone so far as to safeguard their children who may be subjected to such abuse. The present study will look at the background of Sri Lanka and how the Sri Lankan government has created mechanisms to guarantee that victims of IPV are safeguarded as soon as they have been abused. The research intends to provide a comparative review of how other jurisdictions have dealt with the issue before concluding with suggestions for the setting of Sri Lanka. It was identified that there are potential actions that can be taken by Sri Lanka such as providing protection under the Victims and Witness Protection scheme and expanding the existing injunction relief to ensure the protection of victims.Publication Embargo Towards a Tailor-Made Legal Structure for Social Enterprises in Sri Lanka(Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, SLIIT, 2022-09-15) Jayathilaka, K.M.M.M.Social enterprises provide effective solutions to social, economic, and environmental problems using business methods and the power of the marketplace. Social enterprises straddle the legal divide between for-profits and nonprofits, as they seek to generate wealth while making a strong social impact. Therefore, many countries around the globe have introduced specific legal forms for social entrepreneurs to house their entities and thereby enabling them to fully realise their aspiration of ‘do well by doing good’. This research tests whether there is sufficient demand and the appropriate contextual setting in Sri Lanka to justify the introduction of a tailor-made legal form for social enterprises. This research serves the twofold objective of identifying difficulties encountered by social enterprises when operating within the parameters prescribed by existing for-profit and non-profit legal structures and proposing methods to overcome these barriers to establish a thriving social enterprise sector. To that end, primary sources such as statutes and secondary sources such as Hansard reports, consultation papers on amendments to statutes, research papers and journal articles were used. To discover, from a pragmatic perspective, challenges faced by social enterprises in the current legal landscape and solutions to create a favourable legal environment, semi-structured interviews with social entrepreneurs, experts in the field of social entrepreneurship, corporate lawyers and relevant government officers/agencies were conducted based on purposive sampling. Research findings reveal that introduction of a specific legal format for social enterprises is the panacea for all barriers, in particular inability to manage unique governance needs, limited access to finance, lack of recognition, legitimacy and deprivation of identity etc. that hinder this sector from reaching new heights.Publication Embargo Investigation of Routing Techniques to Develop a Model for Software-Defined Networks using Border Gateway Protocol(IEEE, 2022-12-09) Dayapala, B; Palanisamy, V; Suthaharan, SIn many cases, children between this age are using smartphones and other technology devices, to play games, watch cartoons, take photos and sometimes the chance is getting higher than we think that children access unnecessary contents due to lack of guidance and unawareness of parents. This interactive mobile application is used as an adaptive learning tool for the primary school students. Utilizing children’s comfort with technology allows for the development of their talents. In math skills development, some attractively designed gamified activities to solve basic math questions are given according to the skill level the child is currently in. The accuracy was much higher in the Convolutional Neural Network approach as it recorded a value of 0.9919. In environmental skills development component, the app will ask child to identify the surroundings according to a flow, starting from the house and towards the garden using object detection and the results were detected with a higher accuracy level around 0.9-0.99 after training the Machine Learning model. And in the language skills development component the child is given activities to develop pronunciation skills using audio processing and finally the verification of online achievements of a child by Non-Fungible Token technology, is fulfilled via the app.Publication Embargo Interactive Mobile Application for Initial Skills Development of Primary Students in Sri Lanka(IEEE, 2022-12-09) Liyanage, C.; Kavinda, U. A. D. S.; Dasanayaka, D. S.; Shehara, P. G. J.; De Silva, D. I.In many cases, children between this age are using smartphones and other technology devices, to play games, watch cartoons, take photos and sometimes the chance is getting higher than we think that children access unnecessary contents due to lack of guidance and unawareness of parents. This interactive mobile application is used as an adaptive learning tool for the primary school students. Utilizing children’s comfort with technology allows for the development of their talents. In math skills development, some attractively designed gamified activities to solve basic math questions are given according to the skill level the child is currently in. The accuracy was much higher in the Convolutional Neural Network approach as it recorded a value of 0.9919. In environmental skills development component, the app will ask child to identify the surroundings according to a flow, starting from the house and towards the garden using object detection and the results were detected with a higher accuracy level around 0.9-0.99 after training the Machine Learning model. And in the language skills development component the child is given activities to develop pronunciation skills using audio processing and finally the verification of online achievements of a child by Non-Fungible Token technology, is fulfilled via the app.Publication Embargo Rubber Buddy: A Mobile Application to Empower Rubber Planters of Sri Lanka(IEEE, 2022-12-09) Jayawardena, A; Ganegoda, K; Imbulana, S; Gunapala, G; Kodagoda, N; Jayasinghe, TThis research was conducted to develop a mobile application that provides expert solutions for the common problems faced by rubber planters in Sri Lanka. The application developed consists of four components, namely, identification of pests in immature rubber plantations and rubber nurseries; leaf disease identification; cover crop identification; and weed identification. Images taken using the mobile phone cameras are recognized using machine learning models developed using several convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures such as mobile net version 2 (MobileNet v2), VGG 16, VGG19, and residual networks (ResNet). After the images were recognized, the application will provide expert solutions and management strategies to the rubber planters. As most of the rubber plantations are located in areas with low network coverage, the application was designed to be operated in offline mode using TensorFlow lite technology.Publication Embargo Comparison of ARIMA and LSTM in Forecasting the Retail Prices of Vegetables in Colombo, Sri Lanka(IEEE, 2022-12-09) Fonseka, D.D; Karunasena, AIdentification of vegetable price trends is important to make better decisions in the production and market. Due to several factors, including seasonality, perishability, an imbalanced supply-demand market, customer choice, and the availability of raw materials, vegetable prices fluctuate quickly and are highly unstable. In this study price prediction was concluded using two models ARIMA and LSTM with retail price data for Cabbage, Carrot, and Green beans in Colombo from 2009 to 2018. According to the decision criteria of RMSE and MAPE, the LSTM model is superior to the ARIMA model in predicting the retail prices of vegetables. There were no studies have focused on predicting prices with novel technology in the Sri Lankan vegetable market. Hence the results of this study can be used to build an advanced forecasting model by the government and decision-makers in agriculture in Sri Lanka.