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    PublicationOpen Access
    Solar Hotspot Detection Using VHDL-Simulated Fixed-Point SVM: A Methodology Toward FPGA Realization
    (Faculty of Engineering, 2026-03) Fernando, N; Seneviratne, L; Weerasinghe, N; Rathnayake, N; Hoshino, Y
    Early detection of thermal hotspots in photovoltaic modules is critical to ensuring their efficiency, safety, and longevity. This study presents a complete end-to-end methodology for implementing a fixedpoint Medium Gaussian Support Vector Machine classifier using VHDL for a Field Programmable Logic Array. The approach begins with feature extraction from thermal images of healthy and defective solar panels, which focuses on MPEG-7 descriptors. The study shows that high impact for hotspot detection comes from blue chrominance contrast. A medium Gaussian SVM model is trained in MATLAB and converted to a fixed-point Q1.15 format for hardware compatibility. Key parameters, including support vectors, Lagrange multipliers, bias, and kernel scale, are extracted and verified in a custom Python environment to ensure numerical alignment with MATLAB results. The validated model is then implemented in synthesizable VHDL. It is verified using GHDL and the GNU Tool Kit waveform viewer, confirming bit-accurate hardware behaviour. Results show classification accuracy exceeding 99.3% with negligible performance loss due to quantization. The design achieves deterministic latency through an FSM-based structure and parallel feature processing for a 300-support vector and 222-feature system. This method enables low-power, real-time inference on a UAV-based edge platform, primarily focusing on drones.
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    PublicationEmbargo
    Distributed Wireless CSMA/CA based Unified Navigation Solution
    (IEEE, 2006-12-15) Samarakoon, S. M. D. D; Silva, A. P. M; Samaraweera, S. M. D. W; Fernando, T. G. A; Kulasekere, E. C
    This research proposes a multiple access protocol known as the Distributed Wireless CSMA/CA (DWCC). This protocol is optimized for a distributed wireless communication network where the node availability and behavior are both uncertain and unpredictable. An application based on a distributed communication network formed using inter vessels communication at deep sea is used to illustrate the salient features of the proposed protocol. A method is outlined on how the proposed new protocol can be applied to extend radar vision at each vessel in the presence of radar jamming and/or communication node failure at mid sea. That is, the DWCC protocol is used to gather information from all vessels to construct a cumulative radar map at any node and thus extending the radar vision beyond the display capability of a single node.