Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting in Interactive Environments: A Case Study Using a Playpen-Based Prototype

Abstract

As modern cities evolve towards sustainable and efficient infrastructure, implementation of micro-energy harnessing technologies caught the attention of researchers. This is mostly because non-renewable energy sources are being depleted, and the consequences of them are also marginal to the world. Piezoelectric materials are known for their conversion ability of mechanical stress, such as motion, vibrations, pressure, to electrical energy. This study provides a piezoelectric mechanism-based prototype that demonstrates the suitability of converting mechanical energy to electricity, especially footsteps from people, while being low maintenance and cleaner. In this design, 70 PZT piezoelectric disks are implemented beneath a playpen floor, suspended by a spring mechanism and further suspension components. Output voltages of 9.2V to 11.4V could be observed from this demonstration, with the help of 2-5kg loads applied. 76 LEDs were used to visualize this power in real-time, which also offers interactive feedback for children. The output analysis shows a low-current and somewhat non-linear power output. These results validate the possible outcome of deploying a piezoelectric system in high footfall infrastructure and recreational spaces. Even though it is low powered, such systems can enhance built environment functionality, and further improvements in the design can increase the output of such designs. This project represents a small-scale demonstration of this unpopular yet effective technology.