Faculty of Engineering
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Publication Embargo Techno-economic Feasibility of Implementing Carbon Capture and Storage Technology in Sri Lankan Power Sector(IEEE, 2021-09-24) Damayanthi, R. M. H; Guruvita, K. MEarth is consistently getting hotter with the highest recorded global temperature was in 2020, surpassing the previous record in 2016. Global warming is the principle explanation behind the temperature increase on the planet. As one of the maj or greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide has a strong influence on the global warming. Fossil fuel-based power generation is one of the primary source that release carbon dioxide to the environment. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is an emerging global technology to reduce the carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel power generation plants. However, this technology is highly capital and resource intensive and those vary from country to country as well. Therefore, it is essential to estimate the economic feasibility and the impacts on the environmental resources beforehand. This study is an effort to estimate the technical and economic feasibility of implementing CCS technology in the Sri Lankan fossil fuel power plants.Publication Open Access Estimating the Delay to the Mainstream Traffic due to Jaywalking Pedestrians on Urban Roads(ASCE, 2021-06) Jayatilleke, S; Wickramasinghe, V; Madushani, H; Dissanayake, SGrowth of road users in urban areas results in consequential higher interactions between pedestrians and vehicles causing delay to the mainstream traffic flow. The delay caused by pedestrians who make random jaywalking along the carriageway is substantial when such behavior exists. Thus, the prime objective of this research was to study the interaction and develop a delay model to estimate the collective delay caused to the mainstream traffic which encounters jaywalking pedestrians. This delay is influenced by the characteristics of the crossing pedestrians and the behavior of on-coming vehicles. The data collection was done in a suburban city near Colombo, Sri Lanka. The data were extracted from video footages taken using a drone camera. Both the movement of the vehicles and crossing pedestrians on the subject lane were tracked using automated software in order to enhance the accuracy of the results. The delay caused to mainstream vehicle was derived using the deceleration and acceleration behavior. The proposed delay model exemplifies that the pedestrian-vehicle gap and the pedestrian speed along with other relevant pedestrian characteristics such as age, pedestrian speed at the start of the vehicle speed drop, and vehicle-related characteristics such as vehicle speed at the start and end, veh-ped gap at the vehicle speed drop, subject lane, and vehicle type are highly significant to the delay of the subject vehicle on the mainstream. The overall R value of 0.63 was observed from the regression analysis of the proposed delay model. The applicability of the proposed model for each pedestrian and vehicle characteristic has been determined and evaluated based on their level of significance.Publication Open Access Evaluation of Ecosystem-Based Adaptation Measures for Sediment Yield in a Tropical Watershed in Thailand(MDPI, 2021-10-06) Babel, M. S; Gunathilake, M. B; Jha, M. KEcosystem-based adaptation (EbA) can potentially mitigate watershed degradation problems. In this study, various EbA measures were evaluated using a bio-physical model called the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), in a small, forested watershed named Hui Ta Poe, in the northeastern region of Thailand. The developed watershed model was first used to investigate the effect of various degraded watersheds due to land-use changes on the sediment yield in the study area. The most degraded watershed produced an annual average sediment yield of 13.5 tons/ha. This degraded watershed was then used to evaluate the effectiveness of various EbA measures such as reforestation, contouring, filter strips, and grassed waterways in reducing the sediment yield. Under all individual and combined EbA scenarios analyzed, there was a significant reduction in sediment yield; however, the maximum reduction of 88% was achieved with a combined scenario of reforestation, grassed waterways, and filter strips. Reforestation alone was found to be the second-best option, which could reduce the sediment yield by 84%. Contouring alone was the least effective, with a reduction in sediment yield of only 23%. This study demonstrates the usefulness of implementing EbA measures for sediment management strategies to address watershed degradation, which is a severe problem across the globe.Collection Collection