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Publication Embargo Regional emissions and climate impact: analysing carbon dioxide and methane effects on temperature and sea levels in Asia(Springer, 2025-10-26) Punchihewa, C; Liyanage, S; Badurdeen, S; Gunaratne, T; Jayathilaka, RClimate change and its impacts are felt worldwide, and with increasing anthropogenic emissions, many international efforts are centred around mitigating emissions and meeting climate targets. The Asian continent has made the most significant contributions to global emissions, with China, India, and Russia generating the largest share of emissions. Given Asia’s vulnerability to climate change, the study addresses the literature gap by examining the regional impact of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and methane (CH4) emissions on mean surface temperature (MST) and the effects of MST on mean sea levels (MSL) through panel regressions focusing on the period from 1993 to 2020, considering 45 countries. The study found that regional CO2 and CH4 emissions had a significant positive impact on MST at a 1% significance level, and MST had a positive impact on MSL at a 5% level of significance. The study has focused on continental sources of anthropogenic emissions and applied econometrics over traditional climate models to enable a more nuanced, granular, region-specific understanding of emission impacts for targeted policy development. It has proposed targeted policy measures to mitigate emissions, highlighting the importance of regional collaboration among Asian countries in achieving emission reduction goals.Publication Open Access Unmasking climate vulnerability in Africa: the role of CO2 and CH4 emissions on rising temperatures and sea levels(Springer Nature, 2025-05-02) Gunaratne, T; Liyanage, S; Punchihewa, C; Badurdeen, S; Jayathilaka, RClimate change influenced by anthropogenic emissions is a global occurrence affecting the Mean Surface Temperature (MST) and Mean Sea Level (MSL) patterns. The African continent contributes to the lowest Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions globally. However, GHG emissions, particularly Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and Methane (CH4) emission patterns, show a continuous increase in the African region, reflecting the importance of practising economic growth in the continent with sustainable environmental policies to meet future global climate targets. Given Africa’s increasing emissions and the continent’s vulnerability to climate change, this study contributes to the existing literature by assessing the continental and country-wise impact of CO2 and CH4 emissions on MST and the resulting impact on MSL through Fixed Effect (FE) panel estimation and Simple Linear Regression (SLR). The research employs data from 1993 to 2020 for fifty-four African countries. The study’s main findings show that CO2 and CH4 positively impact MST at a 1% significance level, and MST positively impacts MSL at a 5% significance level. This study focuses on continent-specific and country-specific emissions and their impacts and proposes policy measures to mitigate the emissions in the African continent.Publication Open Access More than just investment: Causality analysis between foreign direct investment and economic growth(PLoS ONE, 2022-11-03) Nupehewa, S; Liyanage, S; Polkotuwa, D; Thiyagarajah, M; Jayathilaka, R; Lokeshwara, AThis study examines the causal nexus between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and the economic growth of seven (7) regions encompassing 117 countries. A more recent panel dataset over the period 2010–2020 was analysed using the Granger causality approach and panel VAR/block exogeneity test to conduct predictive analysis among the panel series. Wavelet coherence techniques too were adapted in bringing novelty and further justifications to the research in exploring the interaction effects of the variables, which are yet to be popularised in the studied discipline. The empirical results indicate the presence of bi-directional causality between FDI and economic growth globally and in the Asian region. In contrast, the causality is uni-directional in the American region. A non-directional causality was discovered in European, Oceanian, Mediterranean, and African regions, and the findings were consistent with the outcome of the wavelet coherence technique results. The study further classifies the regions into three cross-market categories such as developed, emerging and frontier markets. The results imply no causality for most developed and emerging economies in the regional analysis. Findings also provide insights for governments and policymakers worldwide to formulate policies on directing FDI flows and propositions for a host country to become a more conducive destination for FDI and accelerate economic growth.
