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Subject: search.filters.subject.Trade openness

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Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Poultry consumption and sustainability: Assessing economic, trade, and climatic impacts across diverse income economies
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2025-10-31) Sammani, I; Yeshini, B; Siriwardhane, S; Pasindu, K; Jayathilaka, R
    Poultry consumption has increased significantly throughout the world, driven by shifts in economic, trade and dietary factors. This study explores the impact of per capita gross domestic product, trade openness, average surface temperature, beef, pork, sheep, goat, and other meat consumption on poultry consumption in the top 10 countries from each income group. Secondary data for 40 countries were incorporated from Our World in Data, from 2000 to 2021. The Panel regression technique was conducted, which applied Pooled ordinary least squares, fixed effect, and random effect models. The findings indicated that per capita gross domestic product and average surface temperature significantly impact poultry consumption. In contrast, trade openness and sheep and goat consumption significantly negatively impact all 40 countries. In high-income countries, trade openness, average surface temperature, and pork consumption have a positive effect, while other meat consumption negatively impacts poultry consumption. Average surface temperature has shown a notable positive impact, whereas trade openness negatively impacts poultry consumption in upper-middle-income countries. Pork consumption has shown a considerable positive impact in lower-middle and low-income countries.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Carbon emissions across income groups: exploring the role of trade, energy use, and economic growth
    (Springer Nature, 2025-07-10) Dharmapriya, N; Gunawardena, V; Methmini, D; Jayathilaka, R; Rathnayake, N
    This study investigates the interplay of trade openness, energy consumption, and gross domestic product (GDP) on carbon emissions across different income groups, analysing data from 163 countries from 2000 to 2019. Using panel regression and multiple linear regression techniques, the findings highlight energy consumption as the principal driver of carbon emissions across all income categories, underscoring its central role in environmental sustainability challenges. High-income countries, despite technological advancements, continue to exhibit substantial emissions due to their reliance on fossil fuels. In contrast low-income nations face difficulties in balancing economic growth with environmental sustainability, often lacking the resources to adopt cleaner energy alternatives. The study emphasises the urgent need for income-specific strategies to reduce carbon emissions, advocating for the widespread adoption of renewable energy sources and tailored policy interventions. These insights align with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, particularly SDG 13 (Climate Action), by promoting the integration of economic development with environmental stewardship. By addressing disparities across income levels, this research offers actionable recommendations for policymakers to support equitable and sustainable practices globally.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Economic and trade determinants of carbon emissions in the American region
    (Elsevier, 2025-06) Methmini, D; Dharmapriya, N; Edirisinghe, S; Gunawardena, V; Jayathilaka, R; Wickramaarachchi, C; Dharmasena, T
    Balancing economic growth with sustainability has been a significant challenge over the past decades, largely due to the environmental damage caused by carbon emissions. This study investigates the relationship between energy consumption, gross domestic product (GDP), and trade openness and their impact on carbon emissions in 28 countries in the American region from 2000 to 2022. Using a multiple linear regression model for country-level analysis, the findings reveal diverse trends across the region. For instance, countries such as Antigua and Barbuda, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, and Guatemala demonstrate a strong link between economic growth and increased carbon emissions. In contrast, developed nations such as the United States and Canada show signs of decoupling GDP growth from emissions, supporting the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis, which suggests that higher income levels lead to reduced environmental degradation. The study highlights the importance of tailored, country-specific strategies to reduce emissions while promoting sustainable economic growth. A thorough understanding of the complex relationships between gross domestic product, energy consumption, trade openness, and carbon emissions will enable policymakers to devise strategies that balance ecological sustainability with socio-economic objectives.