Research Publications
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Publication Open Access Unveiling the Economic Determinants of Child Labour in Africa: A Comprehensive Study of 37 Countries(Springer Nature, 2025-02-28) Muthugala, H; Magammana, T; Bandara, A; Perera, A; Jayathilaka, RThis study investigates the impact of unemployment, household income and expenditure, globalisation, and foreign direct investment (FDI) on child labour across 37 African countries from 2010 to 2021, employing panel and multiple linear regression models. The findings reveal diverse impacts: rising unemployment significantly increased child labour in countries like Ethiopia and Niger, while in Cameroon and Kenya, it had a negative effect. Globalisation’s influence varied, strongly reducing child labour in Ghana but exacerbating it in Burundi. Household income and expenditure generally reduced child labour, particularly in Ethiopia and Zambia. The effect of FDI was also mixed, decreasing child labour in Madagascar but increasing it in countries with weaker governance. These insights underscore the necessity for tailored, country-specific policies that consider local economic conditions and governance quality. Future efforts to combat child labour must focus on developing sustainable solutions that address these complex dynamics.Publication Open Access From short to long term: Dynamic analysis of FDI and net export in global regions(PLoS ONE, 2023-09-14) Lakshani, S; Sandaruwan, C; Fernando, C; Vidyapathirana, G; Jayathilaka, R; Munasinghe, SIt is crucial to examine the impact between foreign direct investment (FDI) and net exports (NE) for unveiling international trade dynamics, and the economic development of different geographical regions. It yields sharp insights into how FDI inflows, driven by theories such as backward linkage, export platform, and knowledge transfer, enhance a host country’s export capacity and contribute to economic growth. Moreover, studying the reciprocal linkages between FDI and NE helps recognise the aspects of domestic factors, such as productivity and the product life cycle, in attracting FDI and increasing export performance. Based on those theories, the study aims to ascertain the dynamic causality or correlation between FDI and NE across all regions with the utilisation of panel data gathered from 110 countries, considering the period from 2002 to 2020. The Wavelet coherence method is used to investigate the relationship between these variables across different frequencies and periods, followed by a Granger causality test. The findings demonstrated that FDI and NE have a significant relationship in most regions, with a bidirectional relationship between FDI and NE across all continents. The results could assist respective governments and policymakers in formulating policies related to FDI flows and offer insights into how a host country can attract more FDI and boost NE.Publication Open Access Determining the influence of LPI, GCI and IR on FDI: A study on the Asia and Pacific Region(PLoS ONE, 2023-02-01) Wannisinghe, P; Jayakody, S; RathnayakeI, S; Wijayasinghe, D; Jayathilaka, R; Madhavika, NThis study examines the impact of the Logistics Performance Index (LPI), Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) and Interest Rates (IR) on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) for the Asia & Pacific region. The study is original as extensive evidence on the impact of LPI, GCI and IR on FDI in the Asia & Pacific region are examined initially. For the years 2007, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2018, data was gathered for 33 nations in the Asia and Pacific area. Data analysis was performed using a panel regression model and multiple linear regression. The findings of the study reveal that LPI, GCI and IR are the three major factors influencing FDI inflows into the economies. However, the impact of these factors varies from country to country. The results concluded that LPI positively impacts FDI in India, Korea, Lebanon, and Oman. In contrast, a negative influence was observed for China, Kuwait and the Philippines. GCI positively impacts FDI in China, Korea, Kuwait, Pakistan and the Philippines, while a negative impact was observed in Armenia, India, Lebanon. Furthermore, IR has a positive impact on FDI flows in China and Egypt while in Korea and Lebanon, a negative impact was observed. Therefore, policymakers should focus more on improving the infrastructural requirements and macroeconomic factors while considering the other countrylevel variables that influence the FDI in flow.