Research Publications
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Publication Embargo Deep Learning-Based Surveillance System for Coconut Disease and Pest Infestation Identification(IEEE, 2021-12-07) Vidhanaarachchi, S. P.; Akalanka, P. K. G. C.; Gunasekara, R. P. T. I.; Rajapaksha, H. M. U.D; Aratchige, N. S.; Lunugalage, D; Wijekoon, J. LThe coconut industry which contributes 0.8% to the national GDP is severely affected by diseases and pests. Weligama coconut leaf wilt disease and coconut caterpillar infestation are the most devastating; hence early detection is essential to facilitate control measures. Management strategies must reach approximately 1.1 million coconut growers with a wide range of demographics. This paper reports a smart solution that assists the stakeholders by detecting and classifying the disease, infestation, and deficiency for the sustainable development of the coconut industry. It leads to the early detections and makes stakeholders aware about the dispersions to take necessary control measures to save the coconut lands from the devastation. The results obtained from the proposed method for the identifications of disease, pest, deficiency, and degree of diseased conditions are in the range of 88% - 97% based on the performance evaluations.Publication Embargo A Deep Learning Model Optimized with Genetic Algorithms for Resource Allocation of Virtualized Network Functions(IEEE, 2021-12-01) Rankothge, W. H; Gamage, N. D. U; Suhail, S. A. A; Ariyawansa, M. M. T. R.; Dewwiman, H. G. H; Senevirathne, M. D. B. PSoftware Defined Networking (SDN) has gained a significant attention of Cloud Service providers (CSPs) for managing their network infrastructure. With the popularity of services such as virtualized applications and Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs), many organizations are outsourcing their entire data centers to the CSPs. From the perspective of CSPs, effective and efficient cloud resource management plays an important role, in terms of continuing a successful business model. This research focuses on proposing a resource allocation algorithm for a cloud platform where VNFs are offered as a service. It is a tier-based resource allocation approach, where different resource tiers are defined in terms of network bandwidth, processor speed, RAM, vCPUs and number of users. Once the client's request is submitted for VNFs, we have used a deep learning approach (a Keras model which was optimized using Genetic Algorithms) to forecast the most suitable resource tier. Our results show that the proposed resource allocation algorithms can forecasts the most suitable resource tier for given scenario, in the order of seconds, with high accuracy.Publication Embargo English Language Trainer for Non-Native Speakers using Audio Signal Processing, Reinforcement Learning, and Deep Learning(IEEE, 2021-12-02) Jeewantha, H. C. R.; Gajasinghe, A. N; Rajapaksha, T. N; Naidabadu, N. I; Kasthurirathna, D.; Karunasena, A.Lack of basic proficiency and confidence in writing and speaking in English is one of the major social problems faced by most non-native English speakers. Although the general adult literacy rate in Sri Lanka is above average by world standards, the English literacy rate is just 22% among the Sri Lankan adult population. Many individuals face setbacks in achieving their career and academic goals due to these language barriers. In a world where English has become a compulsory requirement to pursue higher education, career development, and performing day-to-day activities, "English Buddy" is a software solution developed to enhance the English learning experience of individuals in a more personalized and innovative way. The system provides an all-in-one solution while filling major research and market gaps in existing solutions in the e-learning domain. The system consists of a personalized learning environment, automated pronunciation error detection system, automated essay evaluation process, automated descriptive answer evaluation component based on semantic similarity, and real-time course content rating system. English Buddy is implemented using state-of-the-art technologies such as Audio Signal Processing, Reinforcement Learning, Deep Learning, and NLP. The LSTM, Sentiment Analysis, and Siamese network models have gained accuracy scores of 0.93, 0.92, and 0.81 respectively. Further, the UAT results proved that the personalized recommendations and pronunciation error detection processes are accurate and reliable. This research has been able to overcome the limitations of most existing solutions that follow traditional approaches and provide better results compared to the recent studies in the e-learning research domain.Publication Embargo SMART Garbage Bin Kit Expandable and Intelligent Waste Management System using Deep Learning and IoT for Modern Organizations(IEEE, 2021-12-02) Hewagamage, P.; Perera, D; Thilakarathna, T; Kasthurirathna, D; Fernando, R; Mihiranga, AAccording to published statistics, Sri Lanka produces garbage around 7000MT per day, and every organization directly contributes this national amount depending on the waste management practices. 'Waste contamination' is a critical issue that affects waste management, and it should be addressed during the garbage collection process. This has led to environmental hazards resulting in health and other social issues. Hence, it is a responsibility of an organization to separate the garbage during the collection process using a suitable technique. In this paper, we are proposing a smart garbage bin kit that automates the separation of garbage collection, which minimizes human error using AI-based technologies. IoT-based devices connected to a smart garbage bin kit guide the user to the correct bin. At the same time, our proposed system can be easily expanded for new special waste categories as well. The other important issue of the current garbage management is improper time management of the garbage removal process in organizations. This happens due to the lack of real-time data on waste bins, and collection is based on the fixed time interval irrespective of the status and location of garbage bins. In the proposed system of SMART Garbage Bin Kit, the group of all interconnected garbage bins is monitored in real-time to identify the optimum collection path considering the location and the status of garbage bins using an optimized algorithm. Hence, the study presented in this paper integrates several intelligent approaches together with IoT based network to build a cutting-edge device, declared as SMART Garbage Bin kit. The prototype system has been built as a part of the research study to demonstrate its feasibility and sustainability.Publication Embargo Speech Master: Natural Language Processing and Deep Learning Approach for Automated Speech Evaluation(IEEE, 2021-12-06) Kooragama, K.G.C.M; Jayashanka, L. R. W. D; Munasinghe, J. A; Jayawardana, K. W; Tissera, M; Jayasingha, T. BEvery English speaker wishes to expertise his/her public speaking skills sharply. However, it is extremely difficult and requires a significant amount of practice and experience on an individual basis. This paper introduces a novel online tool “Speech Master” to practice and improve public English speech delivering skills in a professional manner. Using natural language processing, machine learning, and deep learning approaches, the proposed system analyzes the user's speech in terms of content, grammatical accuracy, grammatical richness, facial expressions, and flow. The accuracy was checked by comparing actual results taken from experts with the predicted results obtained from the tool. “Speech Master” achieves an average accuracy of more than 80% and produces a better overall result. This novel tool benefits English speakers all over the world by meeting the demand for a simple and easy-to-use solution for improving or practicing English speech delivery skills; enhancing oratory skills, boosting confidence, and delivering well-articulated speeches.Publication Open Access Comparative Analysis of Deep Learning Models for Multi-Step Prediction of Financial Time Series(researchgate.net, 2020-10-21) Aryal, S; Nadarajah, D; Rupasinghe, P.L; Jayawardena, C; Kasthurirathna, DFinancial time series prediction has been a key topic of interest among researchers considering the complexity of the domain and also due to its significant impact on a wide range of applications. In contrast to one-step ahead prediction, multi-step forecasting is more desirable in the industry but the task is more challenging. In recent days, advancement in deep learning has shown impressive accomplishments across various tasks including sequence learning and time series forecasting. Although most previous studies are focused on applications of deep learning models for single-step ahead prediction, multi-step financial time series forecasting has not been explored exhaustively. This paper aims at extensively evaluating the performance of various state-of-the-art deep learning models for multiple multi-steps ahead prediction horizons on real-world stock and forex markets dataset. Specifically, we focus on Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) network and its variations, Encoder-Decoder based sequence to sequence models, Temporal Convolution Network (TCN), hybrid Exponential SmoothingRecurrent Neural Networks (ES-RNN) and Neural Basis Expansion Analysis for interpretable Time Series forecasting (N-BEATS). Experimental results show that the latest deep learning models such as NBEATS, ES-LSTM and TCN produced better results for all stock market related datasets by obtaining around 50% less Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) scores for each prediction horizon as compared to other models. However, the conventional LSTM-based models still prove to be dominant in the forex domain by comparatively achieving around 2% less error values.Publication Embargo Coconut Disease Prediction System Using Image Processing and Deep Learning Techniques(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2020-12-09) Nesarajan, D; Kunalan, L; Logeswaran, M; Kasthuriarachchi, S; Lungalage, DCoconut production is the most important and one of the main sources of income in the Sri Lankan economy. The recent time it has been observed that most of the coconut trees are affected by the diseases which gradually reduces the strength and production of coconut. Most of the tree leaves are affected by pest diseases and nutrient deficiency. Our main intensive is to enhance the livelihood of coconut leaves and identify the diseases at the early stage so that farmers get more benefits from coconut production. This paper proposes the detection of pest attack and nutrient deficiency in the coconut leaves and analysis of the diseases. Coconut leaves monitorization has been taken place after the use of pesticides and fertilizer with the help of the finest machine learning and image processing techniques. Rather than human experts, automatic recognition will be beneficial and the fastest approach to identify the diseases in the coconut leaves very efficiently. Thus, in this project, we developed an android mobile application to identify the pests by their food behaviors, pest diseases and the nutrition deficiencies in the coconut trees. As an initial step, all datasets for image processing technology met pre-processing steps such as converting RGB to greyscale, filtering, resizing, horizontal flip and vertical flip. After completing the above steps, the classification was performed by analyzing several algorithms in the literature review. SVM and CNN were chosen as the best and appropriate classifier with 93.54% and 93.72% of accuracy respectively. The outcome of this project will help the farmers to increase the coconut production and undoubtedly will make a revolution in the agriculture sector.Publication Open Access Gesture driven smart home solution for bedridden people(Association for Computing Machinery, 2020-09-21) Jayaweera, N; Gamage, B; Samaraweera, M; Liyanage, S; Lokuliyana, S; Kuruppu, TConversion of ordinary houses into smart homes has been a rising trend for past years. Smart house development is based on the enhancement of the quality of the daily activities of normal people. But many smart homes have not been designed in a way that is user friendly for differently-abled people such as immobile, bedridden (disabled people with at least one hand movable). Due to negligence and forgetfulness, there are cases where the electrical devices are left switched on, regardless of any necessity. It is one of the most occurred examples of domestic energy wastage. To overcome those challenges, this research represents the improved smart home design: MobiGO that uses cameras to capture gestures, smart sockets to deliver gesture-driven outputs to home appliances, etc. The camera captures the gestures done by the user and the system processes those images through advanced gesture recognition and image processing technologies. The commands relevant to the gesture are sent to the specific appliance through a specific IoT device attached to them. The basic literature survey content, which contains technical words, is analyzed using Deep Learning, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Image Processing, Gesture recognition, smart homes, IoT. Finally, the authors conclude that the MobiGO solution proposes a smart home system that is safer and easier for people with disabilitiesPublication Embargo Deep learning based flood prediction and relief optimization(IEEE, 2019-12-05) Pathirana, D; Chandrasiri, L; Jayasekara, D; Dilmi, V; Samarasinghe, P; Pemadasa, NFlood is a major natural disaster that occurs recurrently in Sri Lanka. It is important to stay on alert and get early preparations to avoid unnecessary risks that cause damage to both life and property. This project developed a flood assistance application “DHARA” to support early flood preparation and flood recovery process. DHARA mobile application facilitates river water level prediction, safest evacuation route suggestion and provides relevant warnings and alert notifications and the web application provides affected area detection, victim and relief estimation to assist flood recovery management. This system is developed as a mobile application and a web application. A recurrent neural network architecture named Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), a path finding algorithm namely A star (A*) algorithm and a clustering technique named Fuzzy Clustering are used for the development of the system. The system is verified with sample data related to “Wellampitiya” and “Kaduwela” area based on river “Kelanl”. The river water level prediction model has successfully predicted the water level 4 hours in advance. The verification results of the river water level prediction showed a satisfactory agreement between the predicted and real records with 85.4% accuracy.Publication Embargo Facial emotion prediction through action units and deep learning(IEEE, 2020-12-10) Nadeeshani, M; Jayaweera, A; Samarasinghe, PWith the recent advancements in deep learning techniques, attention has been given to training and testing facial emotions through highly complex deep learning systems. In this paper we apply machine learning techniques which require less resources to produce comparable results for emotion prediction. As the underlying technique for the emotion prediction in this research is based on clinically recognized Facial Action Coding System (FACS), a further analysis is given on the contribution of each of the Action Units (AUs) for the predicted emotion. This analysis would complement, strengthen and be a main resource for addressing many different health issues related to facial muscle movements.