Research Publications
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Publication Open Access True nature of brain drain and brain gain: A MM-QR analysis on migration, remittances and FDI(Elsevier Ltd, 2026-12) Lokuliyana, A; Perera, J; Perera, R; Marina, N; Samarakkody, T; Kankanam Pathiranage, H.SWith ever-changing global dynamics, understanding which factors promote or hinder economic growth is crucial for any country. Although many studies have examined the variables migration, remittances, and FDI, fewer have examined their collective impact on economic growth in an income-level analysis. A noticeable limitation of the few existing studies in the area is the inability of the mean-based models to address the heterogeneity in real-life distributions. The main objective of the study was to bridge the knowledge gap and address the heterogeneity concerns in mean-based models using MM-QR, meanwhile providing quantile-based evidence for economic theories such as endogenous growth theory, structural transformation theory and most importantly, brain drain theory. The study used a panel dataset of 118 countries from 1995 to 2023, categorized into 4 income levels. Results of the study supported the brain drain theory, where migration negatively affected poorer economies and hinted at the possible existence of brain gain in HICs. Continuous non-linear behavior of FDI, remittances explained the existence of developmental asymmetries and supported endogenous growth theory and structural transformation theory and reveals development threshold effects. Finally, the study underlines the importance of placing tailored policies to absorb migration, remittances and FDIs for economic growth and provides policy recommendations accordingly.Publication Open Access Mapping causal relationships between migration and economic growth: A visual and empirical approach(Elsevier Ltd, 2025-09-19) Azmi, Y; Landersz, S; Dissanayake, P; Chloe, L; Jayathilaka, RThe focus of this study is to identify whether causal relationships exist between migration and economic growth across countries in the Asian continent. Real GDP per capita and net migration per capita were used to measure economic growth and net migration, respectively. A dataset comprising panel data from 1994 to 2023, covering 41 countries, was utilised. The Bootstrap Dumitrescu and Hurlin Granger non-causality test was conducted for a continental analysis of Asia. Further, the Granger causality Wald test was undertaken for in-depth country-level analysis. The empirical results indicate a unidirectional causality in Asian continent, and Eastern, and Western Asian sub reigns while other sub reigns indicated no causality. Additionally, while majority of the countries indicated no causality, seven countries namely, Saudi Arabia, Turkmenistan, Viet Nam, Sri Lanka, Macao SAR China, Malaysia and Rep. Korea indicated unidirectional causalities. Based on these findings, implications were made for policymakers when developing economic policies that leverage the economic potential of net migration.Publication Open Access Mapping causal relationships between migration and economic growth: A visual and empirical approach(Elsevier, 2025-09-17) Azmi, Y; Landersz, S; Dissanayake, P; Chloe, LThe focus of this study is to identify whether causal relationships exist between migration and economic growth across countries in the Asian continent. Real GDP per capita and net migration per capita were used to measure economic growth and net migration, respectively. A dataset comprising panel data from 1994 to 2023, covering 41 countries, was utilised. The Bootstrap Dumitrescu and Hurlin Granger non-causality test was conducted for a continental analysis of Asia. Further, the Granger causality Wald test was undertaken for in-depth country-level analysis. The empirical results indicate a unidirectional causality in Asian continent, and Eastern, and Western Asian sub reigns while other sub reigns indicated no causality. Additionally, while majority of the countries indicated no causality, seven countries namely, Saudi Arabia, Turkmenistan, Viet Nam, Sri Lanka, Macao SAR China, Malaysia and Rep. Korea indicated unidirectional causalities. Based on these findings, implications were made for policymakers when developing economic policies that leverage the economic potential of net migration.Publication Open Access The Socioeconomic Consequences of Brain Drain and Migration in Sri Lanka: A Comprehensive Literature Analysis(SLIIT Business School, 2023-12-14) Maussawa, G; Wijerathne, C; Gunasekara, J; Wickramarachchi, C; Thelijjagoda, SOver the years brain drain has given risen to a lasting imprint on the economy of Sri Lanka, which has resulted variouse consequenses. Currently educated professionals from various sectors are migrating to developed countries at an increasing rate. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding on the factors influence skill migration in Sri Lanka. This study utilizes a comprehensive systematic review of past literature over the period of 22 years (2000- 2022). The findings of this study demonstrate that migration of skilled professionals has been increased up to 2022 and how social, economic, and political factors affected migration. Some identified examples for economic factors that influence skill migration are better working opportunites, higher wages and higher living standards. Some identified social factors are political violence and better facilities like health and educational services. Increasing income tax rate and loss of liberty are some recgonized political factors that affect skill migration. Some of the studies have argued that there are positive concequences of skill migration in Sri Lanka, while some other studies have brought up arguments that negative impacts of skill migration take over the positive impacts.Publication Open Access Exploring the Determinants of Migration Intention of IT Professionals: Evidence from Sri Lanka(SLIIT Business School, 2023-12-14) Rathnayake, U; Jithmini, T; Amarasinghe, T; Alahakoon, S; Dunuwila, VInternational IT professional migration occurs beyond national lines because of globalization and internationalism, with the goals of information sharing, obtaining higher living standards, as well as for economic reasons. This study aims to explore the factors influencing to the outflow migration of IT professionals in Sri Lanka. This study is the first of its kind in Sri Lanka during the time when the country was dealing with the COVID-19 outbreak and the economic crisis since it rests its originality on information acquired from the local arena. Higher migration rates is a significant concern to Sri Lanka, since second-largest export revenue generating industry is the IT sector. Researchers examined the connections between different factors' effects on migration intention. These studies illustrate some variation in worldwide migration intention factors and trends. They concluded that while the migratory intentions of some countries and identified variables are positively connected, others are negatively connected. Thematic analysis leading to a factor analysis were used in this study to collect data from Sri Lankans. Researchers have conducted interviews for this specific research objective which were followed by a questionnaire using mixed methods. In the results, rotated component analysis, which includes information about the relationships between each variable and the estimated components, is one of the most important outcomes of principle component analysis. As the conclusion, certain policies could encourage innovation, growth, and long-term economic development in Sri Lanka’s IT sector.