Research Publications

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Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Stormwater runoff quality in Malabe, Sri Lanka
    (2018-02-28) Rathnayake, U. S; Fernando, A.
    Stormwater runoff is the primary nonpoint source that pollutes all water resources. Stormwaterpollution at a sewage outfall is a mixture of different kinds and strengths of pollutants from different surfaces. It is essential to understand typical pollutants from each of several impervious surfaces of a specific suburbanized area in order to properly analyze and design water quality improvement systems. Two types of impervious surfaces, roads and pavement, of two catchments in northern and southern Malabe, a western suburb of Colombo, were studied to determine the physicochemical characteristics of their stormwater runoff pollutants. For each surface type from each catchment, the first flush was sampled using a sheetflow technique. Five pollution paramters, i.e., pH, turbidity, colour, electrical conductivity (EC), and nitrate content, were analyzed and compared with that of the rain water. The pavement surfaces showed higher values of turbidity, colour, and nitrate, while EC was higher for road surfaces. The turbidity and colour values were higher in the northern catchment than that in the southern one while EC values were opposite. The nitrate concentration values of pavements were consistently higher than that of the roads for both catchments, which were not much higher than that of rain water. The pH value was consistently neutral for both surface types while rain water was slightly acidic.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS)–what it is and where do we stand today?
    (2017-11-29) Rathnayke, U. S; Srishantha, u
    Stormwater management is a topic of growing complexity. It includes all measures in mitigating stormwater runoff. Various studieshave identified stormwater as a major carrier of variouspollutants and other contaminants. The utmost motive behindthe implementation of stormwater management strategies is to use a suite of Best Management Practices to reduce sediment load, nutrients and chemical pollutant loads in stormwater before they reach natural watercourses downstream. Mitigation of the flood threat is another objective. Mitigation measures have been implemented in many countrieswith the same objectives. The relevant factors to be considered when adopting stormwater management measures are the geophysical aspectssuch as the climate, hydrology, land, soil and topography, law and social factors as well as thetechnical and economic issues. The world is moving more towards green concepts in mitigating stormwaterrunoff. Some of thesemeasures are Low Impact Designs, Sustainable Urban Drainage System (SUDS) and Water Sensitive Urban Design. SUDS are more attuned tothe green concept. The primary goal of SUDS is to switch from pipe-engineered system to practices and systems that use and enhance natural processes, i.e. infiltration, evapotranspiration, filtration and re-use. While conventional drainage systemsfocus only on the stormwater quantity, SUDS pay attention to all three aspects of quantity, quality and amenity/biodiversity. These measures have their own advantages and shortcomings. This review targets thepresent the state of the art of SUDS and itsimportance in stormwater management
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Impact of urbanization on the water resources and public health in Pathumthani Province, Thailand
    (2006-11-22) Perera, R; Pradhan, P
    This study attempts to analyze and describe the trend and pattern of urbanization, its impact on water resources as well as public health in Pathumthani province, which is an adjacent province of Bangkok Metropolitan. This province has good canal (khlong) network system. These khlongs have their own cultural and historical values. But the province has been promoted as a location for industrial development policy reforms introduced in Thailand in 1977. The study was carried out, using GIS as a tool, to identify the land use change. Major chemical parameters were selected to analysis water quality and cases registered data on water born diseases were analyzed to identify the impact on public health. The study reveals that growths have mainly occurred along the highways, river and khlongs sections. The findings highlight the situation of water quality in river and khlongs arising out of the process of urbanization in the province and its affect on public health.
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    PublicationEmbargo
    Factors influence in adapting of bottled water consumption in selected urban, semi urban and rural areas of Matara DS division
    (Faculty of Humanities and Sciences - SLIIT, 2021-03-26) Anuruddi, H.I.G.K.; Fernando, K.M.C.
    Bottled drinking water usage shows a rising trend in worldwide and has become a key component in the segment of non-alcoholic beverages while becoming a massive environmental issue due to the plastic wastes accumulated due to this industry. Apart from the demographic factors such as gender, occupation and age, factors such as degree of urbanization also affect for the consumption pattern of bottled drinking water. Therefore a survey was conducted to examine the factors that influence bottled water consumption in selected urban, semi urban and rural areas of Matara Divisional Secretariat division in Sri Lanka. Grama Niladhari divisions of Walgama North, Hiththetiya and Issadeen town were selected as urban areas, Thudawa, Meddewaththa and Godagama as semi urban areas and Weherahena, Maakawita and Kekanadura as rural areas for the study. Randomly selected 150 respondents were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Survey was carried out during July to August in 2019. According to the survey 18% and 12% of the respondents in urban and semi urban areas use bottled water as their primary drinking water source respectively while none of the respondents use bottled water as primary drinking source in rural areas. The influence of demographic factors such as age, gender and occupation on bottled water consumption varies in urban, semi urban and rural areas of Matara DS division. People in urban and semi urban areas have a better awareness on the origin and the treatments done to the bottled water than that to the people in rural areas. In urban areas bottled water is used for drinking (96%) and cooking (6%). But in rural and semi urban areas used only for drinking. In rural areas, bottled water is used in a flood condition and when travelling. In rural and semi urban areas, salty, muddy conditions and chlorine taste and odor of tap water, frequent water cuts and health concerns lead people to buy bottled drinking water.