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    PublicationOpen Access
    Influence of ageing of graphene oxide on the properties and morphology of cement mortar
    (Nature Research, 2025-12-02) Suganthiny,G; Thambiliyagodage, C; Perera, S. V. T. J; Rajapakse, R. K. N. D
    Past studies show that Graphene Oxide (GO) enhances the structural properties of cement composites. However, GO reduces its chemical characteristics with ageing. This study determines the effects of the age of commercial and laboratory-produced GO on cementitious composites. The study considered GO of up to 35 weeks of age, and specimens were chemically characterised using various techniques. The ageing effects were evaluated using consistency, initial setting time, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and water absorption. The composite’s thermal resistance was also tested. GO was found to have a shelf life of 13 weeks from production to achieve favourable results. The morphology of the cement mortar was studied to determine the reason for the change in performance with GO age. This study confirms that the carbon-to-oxygen ratio (C/O) and the disorder of graphene oxide sheets (ID/IG ratio), along with the number of GO layers, govern the performance of GO-incorporated cement composites. Both ratios increase with GO age. Aged GOs in mortar increased the mean pore radius and reduced the surface area. Mortar samples with aged GOs have ettringite peaks, while early-age GO-containing samples lack ettringite peaks. Despite reduced mechanical performance with age, all mortar samples remained thermally stable at higher temperatures.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Influence of Laboratory Synthesized Graphene Oxide on the Morphology and Properties of Cement Mortar
    (MDPI, 2023-01) Ganesh, S; Thambiliyagodage, C; Perera, S. V. T. J; Rajapakse, R.K.N.D
    The introduction of Graphene Oxide (GO), a nanomaterial, has shown considerable promise in improving the mechanical properties of cement composites. However, the reasons for this improvement are not yet fully understood and demand further research. This study aims to understand the effect of laboratory-produced GO, using Tour’s method, on the mechanical properties and morphology of cement mortar containing GO. The GO was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XRD), X-ray powder diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy alongside Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This study adopted a cement mortar with GO percentages of 0.02, 0.025, 0.03, 0.035, and 0.04 with respect to the weight of the cement. The presence of GO in cement mortar increased the density and decreased the consistency and setting times. At the optimum of 0.03% GO viscous suspension, the mechanical properties such as the 28-day compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength were enhanced by 41%, 83%, and 43%, respectively. In addition, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis indicates an increase in surface area and volume of micropores of GO cement mortar, resulting in a decreased volume of mesopores. The improvement in properties was due to increased nucleation sites, calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) density, and a decreased volume of mesopores.