Research Publications Authored by SLIIT Staff
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This collection includes all SLIIT staff publications presented at external conferences and published in external journals. The materials are organized by faculty to facilitate easy retrieval.
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Publication Embargo Development of Low Resource Machine Learning Models for Child Cognitive Ability Assessments(IEEE, 2022-12-09) Kahawanugoda, A; Gnanarathna, K; Meegoda, N; Monarawila, R; Samarasinghe, P; Lindamulage, A.GAutomated cognitive assessment tools are state-of-the-art in assessing cognition development. Due to the low availability of resources, building automated cognitive ability evaluation tools is challenging. This study focuses on developing machine learning models using a limited amount of data to assess Reasoning IQ, Knowledge IQ, Mental Chronometry and Attention-levels of Sinhala-speaking children between the age of 7 to 9 years. Our solution includes Sinhala speech recognition systems, image classification models, gaze estimation, blink count detection and facial expression recognition models to evaluate the above four cognitive ability measuring factors. Open domain speech recognition has been used to evaluate complex Sinhala child verbal responses and limited vocabulary responses were assessed using an end-to-end speech recognition system, respectively achieving 40.1% WER and 97.14% accuracy. Additionally, the image classification models for handwritten Sinhala letter recognition and two shape recognition models have gained 97%, 89% and 99% accuracy. The linear regression model for attention level evaluation that utilizes the inputs from a combination of eye-gaze estimation, facial expression recognition and blink rate detection models has gained 85% accuracy.Publication Embargo SmartPredi – Development of Agricultural Crop Wastage Reduction System using Machine Learning(IEEE, 2022-12-09) Weerasinghe, W.M.K.I.B.; Somawansha, K.W.A.M.; Chandrasiri, K.A. Jayanga; Thalagahagedara, T.M.S.Y.B.; Chathurika, K.B.A Bhagyanie; Swarnakantha, N.H.P Ravi SupunyaThe culture and economy of Sri Lanka heavily depend on agriculture. The All-Island Farmers Federation (AIFF) claims that post-harvest produce loss is a problem that has plagued farmers in all regions of Sri Lanka and occurs both on farms and in commercial locations. The lack of a suitable system to handle produce, such as fruits and vegetables, has been identified as the key problem. The process of sowing seeds to generating the harvest and transporting it to the consumers is an overly complex process. If this process is not correctly identified the demand and supply may not be at equilibrium. Farmers tend to take decisions based on their experiences or from the knowledge gathered from past generations. Over the year environmental factors as well as economic factors have changed, therefore there is a high chance that the decisions taken by farmers might lead to wastage of crops. This research hopes to produce a mobile application for the farmers by considering some factors that affect the wastage in crops and try to provide timely relevant information to minimize the crop wastage by deploying machine learning, one of the advanced technologies in crop prediction.Publication Embargo Developing A User-Friendly Interface from Robotic Applications Development(IEEE, 2022-10-04) Fernando, W. A. M.; Jayawardena, C; Rajapaksha, U. U. S.In this research, we have developed a web-based Robot Operating System (ROS) learning environment with its own set of tools. Our system is a comprehensive learning environment where students can go through the tutorials using the web interface and use our web-based development environment for writing scripts. Furthermore, students can use the web-based Gazebo simulator to visualize the robots. In addition, our learning environment also has its own set of tools that students can utilize for testing and troubleshooting robots. One of the other benefits of our system is that it is platform independent, and hence it can be accessed from either computer, mobile phone or tablet. Our system also has a dropdown for selecting commands. In this, all the descriptions and syntaxes of the commands are predefined and populated whenever a command is added from the dropdown. In addition, we have developed multiple other features that make this system much easier to use and user-friendly. In order to verify the usability of the system, we have performed a heuristic evaluation, and our findings show that the system complies with nine of the ten heuristics in Nielsen’s framework. In addition, our system complies with twelve of the fourteen heuristics in Zhang’s framework. We performed a performance evaluation as well. In this, we compared the performance of simulating our web-based system against running the same simulation directly from a Linux-based ROS server using the Gazebo client. The results showed that our system was faster by a small margin.Publication Open Access Development of an underwater robotic arm using multibody dynamics approach(2022-02-05) Fernando, S; Perera, MUnderwater robotic arms are important devices that enables workers to carry out tasks remotely from a safe distance reducing or eliminating the risks that are involved with the task. The primary objective of the robotic manipulator is to perform maintenance and cleaning activities of the hull of a ship. However, the control of these devices underwater is quite complicated due to the numerous factors that make these systems unstable and non-linear. The aim of this study is to develop a multibody dynamic robotic manipulator model, integrated with a control strategy to optimize and obtain stable kinematics solutions. The hydrodynamic forces are integrated to the manipulator model considering buoyancy forces and surface drag forces. A basic algorithm is used to generate the joint angles using 7 geometrical parameters. The control of the manipulator was done to simply follow any path that represents the given coordinates. The P, I and D parameters are tuned individually to optimize the kinematic solution of the manipulator. 3-DOF articulated manipulator is the commonly used manipulator configuration. However, a 6-DOF manipulator configuration was selected in this study to allow for change in orientation using wrist motions.Publication Open Access Identification of the Poor in Sri Lanka: Development of Composite Indicator and Regional Poverty Lines(researchgate.net, 2006-03) Siddhisena, p; Jayathilaka, RThe identification of the poor and the definition of poverty is rather complex since poverty dimensions are multifaceted. Poverty is not just an inadequacy of income to meet basic needs or the inability to spend. It is largely associated with numerous demographic, socio-economic, cultural, environmental, health and psychological factors. The aim of this study is therefore to compute a composite indicator of multidimensional poverty and regional poverty lines to identify the severity of poverty and regional disparities of poverty. The study was based on the two data sets and the main objectives of the study are: Identification of the poor by using a broader definition of poverty; Measurement of regional differences on poverty using the poverty indices and constructed poverty lines; and Development of a Composite Indicator of Multidimensional Poverty to identify poverty by severity and also to examine regional disparities of poverty.Publication Embargo Development of an Eccentric Legged Quadruped Robot for a Predefined Uneven Terrain(IEEE, 2022-06-01) Dayawansa, B; Vasudevan, P; Irfan, I; Liyanage, MBio-inspired robotics is a relatively new branch in the field of robotics. It involves the study of the anatomical, morphological and physical behavior of natural living animals and implementing such morphologies and mechanisms in an electro-mechanical system. The field of bio-inspired robotics has given birth to many complex mobile robot topologies which also include legged locomotion. Legged robots help the designers gain an insight into how the biomechanics of animals operate which also can help inspire new technologies in the field of prosthetics and artificial limbs. Legged robots have a higher terrain adaptability and mobility compared to wheeled robots which makes them a good choice for uneven terrain navigation. Legged locomotion itself has a wide scope with various topologies and morphologies involved. In this paper we have evaluated all existing quadruped robot models currently, and have proposed a distinctive quadruped model structure and morphology for uneven terrain locomotion. The robot model has been analyzed through computational modelling and simulation techniques for optimum leg morphologies and gait patterns. The results demonstrated that certain leg morphologies were more efficient compared to other considered leg morphologies. The robot was fabricated physically and tested for the same morphologies in an uneven terrain as well.Publication Embargo Deep Learning Approach for Designing and Development of Risk Level Indicator for Patients with Lung Diseases(IEEE, 2022-02-23) Chathurika, K. B. A. B; Gamage, A"Lung disease" as a medical term, discusses as several disorders that affects both lungs. There are different types of lung disease like Asthma, lungs infections like Influenza, Pneumonia, Tuberculosis, and numerous other types of breathing problems including Lung cancers. These lung diseases can be the main reason for failure in breathing. Due to COVID19 pandemic, Pneumonia and COVID19 were highlighted mostly as fatal diseases if not detected on time. Newly identified COVID19 diseases has caused many deaths and confirmed detections reported worldwide, followed with a greatest risk to community wellbeing, especially for patients with lung diseases. Process of developing a clinically accepted vaccine or specific therapeutic drug for this disease are not finalized, which will contribute to the expansion of actual prevention action plans. Thus, methods to detect lung illness accurately and efficiently is important. Proposed solution will easily and precisely detect the risk level of patients with these two lung diseases Pneumonia and COVID19 using a mobile application with chest radiography (Chest X-rays), which is considered as a cheap, easy to access and speedy manner. Proposed solution will identify, classify and evaluate the risk level of the patient suffering with the use of Image Processing, Machine Learning techniques and Convolutional Neural Networks. So, anybody who use the proposed solution may have the ability to have a precious decision about own medical condition accurately, quickly with low cost. Proposed solution can calculate severity level of a patient with more than 97% accuracy with chest radiography analysis together with patient’s current symptoms and breath holding time evaluation.Publication Embargo Development of Agent-Based Centralized Tool For Analyzing and Managing Security-Enhanced Linux Policies using WebSocket Protocol(IEEE, 2022-02-23) Rajapaksha, S; Kularatna, I. MThe SELinux facilitates and includes an extensible "MAC" structure built within the Linux kernel. An application or a process life cycle that runs as a user has the specific authority to access objects such as files, sockets, and other processes with Linux’s default Discretionary Access Control (DAC). SELinux prescribes the access and the progress privileges of each user, application, process, and the files on the system and administers the communications of these elements utilizing a security strategy that determines how severe or indulgent a given Red Hat Enterprise Linux establishment ought to be. However, its constraints such as, not being user-friendly, having too complicated policies, and complex policy description language, are limiting the implementation of SELinux policies in the Information Technology industry. As a result, there is only a little research available on User Interface-based policy management tools. Even those researches have limitations such as the inability to remotely manage a host/server, manual documentation, and the inability to monitor the systems automatically from a dashboard. In order to overcome said research gap and problems, this research will implement a system using a web-socket technology that facilitates the ability to converse in full-duplex through just one TCP connection. This system is included with a web socket-agent, which can be installed in server endpoints and can change SELinux policies, a web-socket server: which can do live communication with the agent to perform policy changes along with the UI component: to manage policies using the user interface and a database component to store policy details.Publication Embargo Development of Agent-Based Centralized Tool For Analyzing and Managing Security-Enhanced Linux Policies using WebSocket Protocol(IEEE, 2022-04-14) Kularatna, I. M; Rajapaksha, SThe SELinux facilitates and includes an extensible "MAC" structure built within the Linux kernel. An application or a process life cycle that runs as a user has the specific authority to access objects such as files, sockets, and other processes with Linux’s default Discretionary Access Control (DAC). SELinux prescribes the access and the progress privileges of each user, application, process, and the files on the system and administers the communications of these elements utilizing a security strategy that determines how severe or indulgent a given Red Hat Enterprise Linux establishment ought to be. However, its constraints such as, not being user-friendly, having too complicated policies, and complex policy description language, are limiting the implementation of SELinux policies in the Information Technology industry. As a result, there is only a little research available on User Interface-based policy management tools. Even those researches have limitations such as the inability to remotely manage a host/server, manual documentation, and the inability to monitor the systems automatically from a dashboard. In order to overcome said research gap and problems, this research will implement a system using a web-socket technology that facilitates the ability to converse in full-duplex through just one TCP connection. This system is included with a web socket-agent, which can be installed in server endpoints and can change SELinux policies, a web-socket server: which can do live communication with the agent to perform policy changes along with the UI component: to manage policies using the user interface and a database component to store policy details.Publication Embargo Sri Lanka’s labour migration trends, remittances and economic growth(SAGE Publications, 2018-09-17) Ramanayake, S. S; Wijetunga, C. SLabour migration has significant multiple impacts for Sri Lanka, where migrant remittances have massively increased over time. In the light of changing migrant worker dynamics, including state involvement in virtually exporting people, this article examines various trends of labour migration and then specifically analyses remittance inflows and their economic impacts in Sri Lanka between 1970 and 2015. Our findings confirm the increasing importance of remittances as a source of external financing, with considerable impetus for domestic economic growth, related development policies and gender issues. The conclusions make some suggestions to safeguard future remittance inflows to Sri Lanka.