SLIIT Conference and Symposium Proceedings

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Open Access
The Most Influencing Factors for Cigarette Smoking Among Adolescents: A Systematic Review
(Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, SLIIT, 2023-11-01) Lakshmi, N.; Dasanayake, C. D. K.; De Silva, B. S. S.
Cigarette smoking is a major public health problem in the world, and smoking leads to diseases and disabilities and harms nearly every organ of the body. All forms of cigarettes are harmful, and there is no safe level of exposure to tobacco. Nicotine is one of the toxic chemicals found in tobacco and can cause carcinomas. A significant number of students experimented for the first time with cigarette smoking in adolescence. Cigarette smoking during adolescence causes significant health problems, such as an increase in the number and severity of respiratory illnesses, decreased physical fitness, and potential effects on lung growth and function. The participants who smoked had poor academic performance, drank alcohol, were sexually active, and were more likely to smoke with other adolescents. This study aims to identify the most influencing factors for cigarette smoking among adolescents. This systematic review included literature from 2017 to 2022 through databases such as PUBMED, CINHAL, and MEDLINE. The review includes six studies that revealed the influencing personal, environmental, and community factors for cigarette smoking among adolescents through multivariate logistic regression and path analyses in several countries. The probability of smoking was found to be higher among adolescents with male gender, high body mass index, social anxiety, high grades, sufficient pocket money, and positive attitudes toward smoking. Peer smoking, secondhand smoking (SHS) exposure, smoker parents, free cigarettes from tobacco companies, the indigenous population, and parenting patterns were found as influencing factors to combat the threat of cigarette smoking among adolescents. To combat the threat of cigarette smoking among adolescents, gender- and culture-sensitive prevention programs are required.
Open Access
The Effectiveness of Intermittent Fasting Diet Compared with Ketogenic Diet in Reducing Weight of the Adults with Obesity – A Systematic Review
(Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, SLIIT, 2023-11-01) Kamathewatte, K. W. M. N. K.; Wijedasa, H. S.; De Silva, B. S. S.
Obesity is a worldwide health concern, characterized by excessive body fat posing risks to overall health. In 2016, almost 13% of individuals above 18 years were obese, and projections for 2025 estimate higher rates, emphasizing the need for effective weight management strategies. Two popular diets, the ketogenic diet and intermittent fasting, have gained attention for their potential in adult weight reduction. Intermittent fasting involves alternating eating and fasting periods, while the ketogenic diet promotes ketosis through low carbs and high fat. This systematic review aims to compare the efficacy of intermittent fasting and ketogenic diet to clarify which approach may be more advantageous for adults looking to lose weight. Relevant literature from 2017 to 2023 was searched in databases such as CINAHL, MEDLINE, PUBMED, Science Direct, and Cochrane. Additionally, a few numbers of studies before 2017 were taken due to the availability of related information. Seven highly relevant articles were selected using PRISMA guidelines. After careful analysis, the study suggests that intermittent fasting holds promise for weight loss, particularly in comparison to the ketogenic diet. Intermittent fasting achieves weight loss without the potential side effects of the ketogenic diet, such as nutrient deficiencies. Conversely, a simple mealskipping approach in intermittent fasting may not suit everyone, warranting consultation with professionals for suitable dietary decisions. This study highlights the effectiveness of intermittent fasting as a potential weight loss strategy over the ketogenic diet, underscoring the importance of medical consultation in individual dietary planning.
Open Access
A Review on Telecommunication Frauds and Fraud Detection Techniques
(Emerald Publishing, 2022-12-01) Wickramasinghe, Y; Rathnayake, P; Madumal, O; Ramzan, R; Galappaththi, K
Telecommunication fraud is a serious challenge which caused billions of dollars in losses for companies and led to much distress among users. The reported number of frauds has been gradually increasing over the past few years. Hence telecommunication companies tend to use new fraud detection techniques to address the sprawling fraudulent activities. Identification of frauds and application of effective fraud detection techniques are vital for the sustainability of the telecommunication industry. It will drive the industry towards a more credible and profitable direction in the future. This study provides the first systematic literature review on telecommunication frauds and fraud detection techniques. The Prisma method was applied to systematically review the past literature. Using multiple research databases, 1117 research articles were identified, which were screened based on their relevance. 62 articles that were relevant to the study were then analysed in-depth to investigate various types of telecommunication frauds and fraud detection techniques. Results show that the time number of publications is on the rise and citations appear to be saturated at a certain level. The findings emphasise the dire need to investigate fraud happening in developing countries and effective techniques to be implemented to curb fraud. Additionally, a lack of focus on people/qualitative aspects of fraud and detection techniques was identified. The significance of the study is twofold. Researchers could use this study as a steppingstone for future research in telecommunication fraud and fraud detection techniques. On the other hand, Telecommunication companies could refer to this study for understanding fraud and in determining suitable fraud detection method.

SLIIT Conference and Symposium Proceedings

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