Research Publications
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Publication Open Access Anthocyanin (ATH)-incorporating polyvinylpyrrolidone-ethyl cellulose-(2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin (PVP–EC–BCD) nanofiber-based pH sensor for ocular pH detection during accidental chemical spills(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2026-02-03) Sandaruwan, B; Liyanage, R; Costha, P; Dassanayake, R.S; Wijesinghe, R.E; Herath H.M.L.P.B; Nalin de S.K.M; de Silva, R.M; Rajapaksha, S.M; Wijenayake, UThe existing ocular pH detection methods encounter numerous limitations, including low accuracy, poor sensitivity across a wide pH range, and patient discomfort, highlighting the need for innovative approaches. A novel biosensor for ocular pH detection has been developed to assess ocular health and chemical injuries in clinical settings. This study uses the pH-sensitive properties of anthocyanins (ATHs), natural pigments extracted from butterfly pea flowers, to develop a novel pH-responsive nanofiber mat. ATHs are integrated into a polymer blend containing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), ethyl cellulose (EC), and (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin (BCD) to fabricate electrospun nanofibers. The acquired characterization, employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), confirmed the successful fabrication of the ATH-infused nanofibers with a mean diameter ranging from 121 to 396 nm. Four formulations were tested: PVP:EC:BCD:ATH (18 ppm), PVP:EC:BCD:ATH (25 ppm), PVP:EC:BCD:ATH (35 ppm), and PVP:EC:BCD:ATH (50 ppm). Among them, the 50 ppm ATH-incorporating nanofiber mat exhibited the best performance in terms of color clarity, response time, and pH sensitivity. The fabricated 50 ppm ATH incorporating nanofiber mat demonstrated a rapid pH response time of less than 5 seconds (s) while exhibiting a color variation from pink to blue to green across the pH range of 1 to 12, providing a rapid and accurate method for visual pH detection. Based on the color performance of the 50 ppm ATH-incorporating system, a standardized color reference chart was developed to serve as a practical and visual guide for estimating pH levels in clinical applications. Zebrafish toxicity assays were conducted further to validate the safety and biocompatibility of the developed sensor, revealing no significant toxic effects across the range of ATH concentrations.Publication Embargo UveaTrack: Uveitis Eye Disease Prediction and Detection with Vision Function Calculation and Risk Analysis Publisher: IEEE Cite This PDF(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2022-10-15) Perera, B. D. K; Wickramarathna, W.A.A.I.; Chandrasiri, S; Wanniarachchi, W.A.P.W; Dilshani, S.H.N; Pemadasa, NUveitis is an inflammatory infection that affects uvea tissue, the middle layer of the eyewall. It can result in swelling or damage to the eye and lead to vision impairments or blindness. Most Uveitis symptoms are associated with many other diseases localized to the eye. Thus, it is hard to determine the responsible symptoms for uveitis. Consequently, early detection of this disease can prevent a perilous situation in the future. The initial motivation behind the design of this mobile application is to help accurately diagnose uveitis with minimal time and effort and thereby minimize the shortage of human specialists in this field. The 'UveaTrack' is a hybrid mobile application that enables the keep tracking of uveitis eye illness and uses machine learning (ML) algorithms, deep learning (DL) architectures, and image processing techniques for developing the system. The 'UveaTrack' application could be able to achieve an average accuracy of more than 85% and had produced overall better results. Furthermore, the 'UveaTrack' application can use as a valuable instructional tool for freshly graduated clinicians, supporting their work with patients and assisting them in making diagnostics conclusions.Publication Embargo Automated Spelling Checker And Grammatical Error Detection And Correction Model for Sinhala Language(IEEE, 2022-10-04) Goonawardena, M; Kulatunga, A; Wickramasinghe, R; Weerasekara, T; De Silva, H; Thelijjagoda, SSinhala is a native language spoken by the Sinhalese people, the largest ethnic group in Sri Lanka. It is a morphologically rich language, which is a derivation of Pali and Sanskrit. The Sinhala language creates a diglossia situation, as the language’s written form differs from its spoken form. With this difference, the written form requires more complex rules to be followed when in use. Manually proofreading the content of Sinhala material takes up much time and labor, and it can be a tedious task. Hence, a system is necessary which can be used by different industries such as journalism and even students. At present, there are a handful of systems and research that have automated Sinhala spelling analysis and grammar analysis. In addition, the existing systems are mainly focused on either spelling analysis or grammar analysis. However, the proposed system will cover both aspects and improve upon existing work by either optimizing or re-building the process to provide accurate outputs. The proposed system consists of a suffix list built for verbs and subjects, which helps the system stand out from the current proposed solutions. This research intends to implement a service for spell checking and grammar correctness of formal context in Sinhala. The research follows a rule-based approach with some components adopting a hybrid approach. As per the literature survey, many papers were analyzed, related to different aspects of the proposed system and complete systems. The proposed system would be able to overcome most barriers faced by previous papers whilst it takes a fresh take on providing a solution.Publication Embargo Surveillance based Child Kidnap Detection and Prevention Assistance(IEEE, 2022-07-18) Kodikara, K. A. O. V; Hettiarachchi, P; Prathapa, D. M. J; Jayakody, J. M. A. M. S; Haddela, P. SThis research paper is based on child kidnap detection and prevention to identify susceptible child kidnap by unauthorized persons. The intelligent surveillance system proposed for this is known as "AICare". The purpose behind developing a proper kidnap detection methodology is to enhance and strengthen the existing child security systems. The key is to identify the main characteristics of a kidnapper in real-time, which follows face recognition, speed detection and object detection theories. Face recognition is used to identify whether the outlined individual has covered his body, especially his face, to hide the true identity, or else the person's face is directly processed for authentication. Speed detection is helpful in calculating movement speed and capturing whether the targeted individual is moving in a hurry. Finally, the stranger is subjected to object detection in order to classify whether he/she is handling a sharp object or not. The captured outcomes are subjected to a decision tree to resolve the person as a kidnapper suspect. The system results in an overall accuracy that is above 90%. As this solution is child-sensitive and responsive, it provides a long term platform that can real-time monitor for potential kidnap based on the kidnapper characteristics to support the working from home parents to take care of their children during crucial times.Publication Embargo ARCSECURE: Centralized Hub for Securing a Network of IoT Devices(Springer, Cham, 2021-07-06) Yapa Abeywardena, K; Abeykoon, A. M. I. S; Atapattu, A. M. S. P. B; Jayawardhane, H. N; Samarasekara, C. NAs far as it is considered, IoT has been a game changer in the advancement of technology. In the current context, the major issue that users face is the threat to their information stored in these devices. Modern day attackers are aware of vulnerabilities in existence in the current IoT environment. Therefore, securing information from being gone into the hands of unauthorized parties is of top priority. With the need of securing the information came the need of protecting the devices which the data is being stored. Small Office/Home Office (SOHO) environments working with IoT devices are particularly in need of such mechanism to protect the data and information that they hold in order to sustain their operations. Hence, in order come up with a well-rounded security mechanism from every possible aspect, this research proposes a plug and play device “ARCSECURE”.Publication Embargo Driving Through a Bend: Detection of Unsafe Driving Patterns and Prevention of Heavy Good Vehicle Rollovers(IEEE, 2022-01-17) Siriwardana, E. M. A. K; Piyawardana, V. S; Chandrasiri, S. S; Kaushalya, S. G. L. D. H; Sampath, K.D. AmilaRoad Traffic Crashes are simply ordinary within the present world. However, heavy goods vehicles (HGV) rollover has become a significant problem worldwide. Depending on the data collected, the sources used, and several key factors contribute to HGV overturning. Accidents overturn due to longer reaction time, shriveled driving performance, lack of driving experience, and driver carelessness. In further consideration, over-steering to turning over, not steering enough to stay in lane, over speed, high located center of gravity, weather condition, road condition, and the road's curves are the most contributing reasons to the overturning of a long vehicle. Thus, this paper proposes machine learning processes to overcome these problems and reduce the HGV rollovers. The proposed system includes a vehicle-equipped system and a ground-based operational surveillance camera. The Vehicle-equipped system can determine the safe speed at which the vehicle should travel according to the type of vehicle and curvature of the road and can detect road cracks and notify the driver by sending the notification to the vehicle dashboard screen. The ground-based driver support system can detect safe speed for HGVs and determine various other traffic parameters which can affect the HGV rollover accidents.Publication Embargo CURETO: Skin Diseases Detection Using Image Processing And CNN(IEEE, 2020-11-17) Karunanayake, R. K. M. S. K; Dananjaya, W. G. M; Peiris, M. S. Y; Gunatileka, B. R. I. S; Lokuliyana, S; Kuruppu, ABusy lifestyles these days have led people to forget to drink water regularly which results in inadequate hydration and oily skin, oily skin has become one of the main factors for Acne vulgaris. Acne vulgaris, particularly on the face, greatly affects a person's social, mental wellbeing and personal satisfaction for teens. Besides the fact that acne is well known as an inflammatory disorder, it was reported to have caused serious long-term consequences such as depression, scarring, mental illness, including pain and suicide. In this research work, a smartphone-based expert system namely “Cureto” is implemented using a hybrid approach i.e. using deep convolutional neural network (CNN) and natural language processing (NLP). The proposed work is designed, implemented and tested to classify Acne density, skin sensitivity and to identify the specific acne subtypes namely whiteheads, blackheads, papules, pustules, nodules and cysts. The proposed work not only classifies Acne Vulgaris but also recommends appropriate treatments based on their classification, severity and other demographic factors such as age, gender, etc. The results obtained show that for Acne type classification the accuracy ranges from 90%-95% and for Skin Sensitivity and Acne density the accuracy ranges from 93%-96%.Publication Embargo Infinity yoga tutor: Yoga posture detection and correction system(IEEE, 2020-12-02) Rishan, F; De Silva, B; Alawathugoda, S; Nijabdeen, S; Rupasinghe, L; Liyanapathirana, CPopularity of yoga is increasing daily. The reason for this is the physical, mental and spiritual benefits that could be obtained by practicing yoga. Many are following this trend and practicing yoga without the training of an expert practitioner. However, following yoga in an improper way or without a proper guidance will lead to bad health issues such as strokes, nerve damage etc. So, following proper yoga postures is an important factor to be considered. In this proposed system, the system is able to identify poses performed by the user and also guide the user visually. This process is required to be completed in real-time in order to be more interactive with the user. In this paper, the yoga posture detection was done in a vision-based approach. The Infinity Yoga Tutor application is able to capture user movements using the mobile camera, which is then streamed at a resolution of 1280 × 720 at 30 frames per second to the detection system. The system consists of two main modules, a pose estimation module which uses OpenPose to identify 25 keypoints in the human body, using the BODY_25 dataset, and a pose detection module which consists of a Deep Learning model, that uses time-distributed Convolutional Neural Networks, Long Short Term Memory and SoftMax regression in order to analyze and predict user pose or asana using a sequence of frames. This module was trained to classify 6 different asanas and the selected model which uses OpenPose for pose estimation has an accuracy of 99.91%. Finally, the system notifies the users on their performance visually in the user interface of the Mobile application.