Browsing by Author "Peiris, S"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 38

Open Access
Assuring Standards and Quality of Higher Education: Teaching and Learning
(Asia Pacific Quality Network (APQN) Conference and AGM 2016, 2016-05-26) Peiris, C. N; Peiris, S; Wickramasinghe, S
Objectives and Measurements • to investigate the effectiveness of teaching methods on students’ academic performance and to understand what measurements that someone could apply to improve the learning process. • Measurements: • Various qualities of the teacher • Feedback from Students • Learning Resources
Open Access
Biodiversity of fruit and other tree species in the Huruluwewa watershed with emphasis on their economic utility
(Postgraduate Institute of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya: Peradeniya, 1997) Amarasinghe, A. A. Y; Peiris, B. C. N; Peiris, S
This stud}1 attempted to determine species and genetic diversity in the Huruluwewa wa'ershed considering basic information on native tree species with emphasis oi i fruit and other tree species of future economic utility. This study :vas carried out in different phases, namely, "reconnaissance survey" leading to specific information of the Huruluwewa watershed to determine the species diversity and "Identification of genetic diversity of fruit tree species" through starch gel electrophoresis techniques. Few groups of fruit tree species showing close similarities were used to establish the "Finger printing" through starch gel electrophoresis to identify the genetic diversity. The existing high degree of species diversity in the Huruluwewa watershed can be categorized into different groups based on their economic utility. These are fruit ti ee species, medicinal plants, firewood species, timber trees, ornamental plants food crops, shade trees, cover crops andfodder crops. Different banding patterns in the starch gel electrophoresis established for fruit tree species with closn morphological similarities, indicated the genetic diversity within and among fruit tree species in the watershed
Open Access
Calcium/calmodulin activation of two divergent glutamate decarboxylases from tobacco
(Oxford University Press, 2003-08-01) Yevtushenko, D. P; McLean, M. D; Peiris, S; Cauwenberghe, O. R. V; Shelp, B. J
Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD, EC 4.1.1.15) catalyses the α‐decarboxylation of glutamate to produce γ‐aminobutyrate (GABA). The nucleotide sequences of two divergent GADs (designated GAD1 and GAD3) were isolated from a Nicotianatabacum L. cv. Samsun NN leaf cDNA library. Open reading frames indicated that GAD1 encodes a polypeptide of 496 amino acids and has greater than 99% identity with known tobacco GADs, whereas GAD3 encodes a polypeptide of 491 amino acids and has about 14% divergence from known tobacco GADs. Genomic DNA analysis suggested that there are at least four tobacco GAD genes, existing in pairs of highly identical genes. An in vitro assay at pH 7.3 revealed that activities of the recombinant proteins, after isolation from Escherichia coli and partial purification by nickel‐affinity chromatography, are 57–133 times the control levels in the presence of 0.5 mM calcium and 0.2 µM bovine calmodulin.
Embargo
Control of circadian rhythm-regulated nyctinastic movement in water lily (Nymphea stellataWilld.) flowers
(Taylor & Francis Group, 2005-01-01) Samarakoon, U. C; Peiris, S
Flowers of Nymphea stellata Willd., like other water lilies, are subject to circadian clock-controlled petal closure in the afternoon. To investigate the effects of plant growth regulators, and various other chemicals, in arresting nyctinastic movement (petal closure), cut flowers of N. stellata were exposed to different concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA), benzyl amino purine (BAP), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), abscisic acid (ABA), ethanol, AgNO3, NaCl or Rinso (laundry detergent powder). The most effective treatment to control the biological clock of petal movement was keeping flowers continuously in 25 mg l–1 GA. This treatment kept flowers open, to an acceptable cut flower standard, for over 28 h. Continuous exposure to 5 mg l–1 BAP also kept flowers open to the same acceptable standard for over 15 h. Considering low-cost applications, immersing flowers in 25 g l–1 NaCl for 1 h kept them open for almost 17 h, to an acceptable cut flower standard. Immersing in 2 g l–1 Rinso (Unilever, Sri Lanka) for 1 h also kept flowers open for 14 h in an acceptable condition. By inhibiting nyctinastic closure using any of the above chemicals, N. stellata could now be considered and exploited as a cut flower.
Open Access
CSUP technique: a low cost sterilization method using sodium hypochlorite to replace the use of expensive equipment in micropropagation
(National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka, 2012-03-28) Peiris, S; De Silva, E. D. U. D; Edussuriya, M; Attanayake, A. M. U. R. K; Peiris, B. C. N
The ability of in vitro micropropagtion to produce high quality planting material in large quantities is hindered by their high cost of production. Hence the price of planting material is high, making them unaffordable to growers. However, a larger portion of the capital and running cost of micropropagation can be reduced using CSUP (pronounced as seesap) technique, where sodium hypochlorite is used to sterilize glassware and culture media followed by culturing without using a laminar flow cabinet. This study was undertaken with the objective of evaluating the feasibility of the CSUP technique to replace the sterilization carried out using autoclaves and laminar flow cabinets. Sodium hypochlorite in four concentrations 5, 10, 15 and 20% (v/v) were used to rinse glassware and accessories prior to pouring the appropriate culture medium for anthurium cv ‘Tropical Red’ in vitro shoot multiplication. The culturing of axenic shoots was carried out inside a glass-cage and cultures were placed in the growth room. Autoclaved culture medium and a laminar flow cabinet were used in the case of the control cultures. Results revealed that the percentage of contaminationfree cultures, dry weight increase and the shoot multiplication were not significantly different between the respective treatments and the controls, as well as among treatments of different sodium hypochlorite concentrations. Therefore, the CSUP technique using 5% (v/v) sodium hypochlorite solution can be adopted to replace the use of an autoclave and the laminar flow cabinet in the major micropropagation activity of in vitro multiplication.
Open Access
Determinants of Firm Value in Frontier Markets: Evidence from a Panel Oprobit Analysis in Sri Lanka
(Springer Nature, 2025-09-01) Hettiarachchi, S; Kasthuriarachchi, U; Kokilakumar, S; Himaanthri, S; Jayathilaka, R; Peiris, S
This study explores the firm-level determinants of firm value in the context of a frontier market, using a panel dataset of 222 companies listed on the Colombo Stock Exchange from 2013 to 2024. Employing panel probit and ordered probit models, the analysis examines how capital structure, investment decisions, profitability, firm size, and sector classification influence firm value, measured across three distinct valuation tiers. The results reveal that the debt-to-equity ratio positively impacts firm value, especially during transitions from low to medium categories, supporting the relevance of the Trade-Off Theory. Profitability and firm size are also found to significantly increase the probability of achieving higher firm valuations. However, the price-to-earnings ratio displays negligible predictive power in this context. Sectoral analysis indicates that non-financial firms demonstrate stronger valuation potential than financial firms, likely due to reduced regulatory constraints and greater strategic flexibility. These findings contribute to the limited empirical literature on frontier markets by highlighting key drivers of corporate value and providing comparative insights. The study offers practical implications for policymakers, investors, and corporate managers aiming to enhance firm value through financial structure optimisation, strategic growth initiatives, and regulatory improvements that promote market confidence and transparency.
Embargo
Determinants of Firm Value in Frontier Markets: Evidence from a Panel Oprobit Analysis in Sri Lanka
(Springer, 2025-09-01) Hettiarachchi, S; Kasthuriarachchi, U; Kokilakumar, S; Himaanthri, S; Jayathilaka, R; Peiris, S
This study explores the firm-level determinants of firm value in the context of a frontier market, using a panel dataset of 222 companies listed on the Colombo Stock Exchange from 2013 to 2024. Employing panel probit and ordered probit models, the analysis examines how capital structure, investment decisions, profitability, firm size, and sector classification influence firm value, measured across three distinct valuation tiers. The results reveal that the debt-to-equity ratio positively impacts firm value, especially during transitions from low to medium categories, supporting the relevance of the Trade-Off Theory. Profitability and firm size are also found to significantly increase the probability of achieving higher firm valuations. However, the price-to-earnings ratio displays negligible predictive power in this context. Sectoral analysis indicates that non-financial firms demonstrate stronger valuation potential than financial firms, likely due to reduced regulatory constraints and greater strategic flexibility. These findings contribute to the limited empirical literature on frontier markets by highlighting key drivers of corporate value and providing comparative insights. The study offers practical implications for policymakers, investors, and corporate managers aiming to enhance firm value through financial structure optimisation, strategic growth initiatives, and regulatory improvements that promote market confidence and transparency.
Open Access
DEVELOPING WEB BASED QUALITY INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT AT THE HORIZON CAMPUS
(Horizon Campus, National School of Business and Management , Sri Lanka, 2017) Peiris, S; Wickramasinghe, S; Peiris, C. N
Quality Information Systems (QIS) provide quality related information to stakeholders. In elearning applications, QIS should provide e-learning materials to the lecturers and the learners who use them. In Student Management Systems (SMS), QIS provide all the facilities to run the administrative functions smoothly. Electronic Research Repository (such as DSpace) enhances the quality of the institute as it reflects the research competencies of the academic staff of the institute. Horizon Campus QIS include eLearning, SMS, DSpace, Library Management System, all based on a single platform. QIS provide better service to their stakeholders anywhere, anytime effectively and efficiently. Students‘ pass rate has been increased after introducing the Learning Management System (LMS). eLearning platforms immensely facilitate the teaching and learning process as they offer an environment-friendly and efficient mechanism for ensuring learner centered teaching and learning. As QIS implemented in a Cloud based System, it is easy to maintain and run with minimal cost.
Open Access
Economic analysis of cassava crocket manufacturing process from raw cassava roots as an initiative for waste reduction
(www.foodsciencejournal.com, 2017-03) Somendrika, M. A. D; Wickramasinghe, I; Wansapala, M. A. J; Peiris, S
Cassava crocket is a convenient product which uses cassava root as main raw material. An economic analysis of anonymous cassava crocket processing plant was carried out to characterize inputs and outputs of the process and evaluate the profitability of production using Gross Margin and Profitability Ratio. Primary data obtained through interviewing production staff and Secondary data was used for the analysis and samples for analysis were collected using online multistage random sampling method over 60 working days. According to the results main wastes generated through the process were cassava peel, squeezed cassava liquid which were 21.5±1.3% and 20.8±1.7% of the raw cassava root weight respectively. According to the results of economic analysis the total raw material cost account for 41.3% of the total variable cost while the labour costs, transportation, rent and other costs accounted for 39.0%, 6.0%,12.5% and 1.2% respectively. From the total raw material cost the cost of Coconut oil made up the highest value which was 54% and cassava, scraped coconut, spices mix and salt made up 36%, 7%, 2% and 1% respectively. The cost and return analysis revealed the Gross margin of 360,740 LKR per year and benefit cost ratio of 1.76. This study reveals the production of cassava crocket in cottage level is profitable.
Open Access
Effect of shade levels on leaf area and biomass production of three varieties of Dracaena sanderiana L. in the dry zone of Sri Lanka
(Postgraduate Institute of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya: Peradeniya, 2012) Srikrishnah, S; Peiris, S; Sutharsan, S
An experiment was conducted in a shade house to determine the effects of three shade levels on leaf area and biomass production of three varieties of dracaena (Dracaena sanderiana L.) in the dry zone (Batticaloa district) of Sri Lanka. 'Cold', ' Victory' and 'White' varieties were arranged in 50%, 70% and 80% shade levels as a CRD. There was a significant interaction between varieties of dracaena and the shade levels on leaf area and biomass production. The plants grown at 50% and 70% shade levels produced the highest leaf area and biomass than plants subjected to 80% shade. Biomass production was in accordance with the trend of variances for leaf area. Varieties 'Gold' and 'Victory' performed better than White' in leaf area and biomass production under 50% and 70% shade level and there were no significant variations between them. Therefore, in this study it was concluded that, 70% shade level is suitable for growing dracaena varieties in the dry zone of Sri Lanka as the growth of dracaena varieties were higher than the other shade levels.
Open Access
Effects of pinching, Cycocel and B-nine treatments on branching habit of pot poinsettia (Euphobia pulcherrima willd)
(Postgraduate Institute of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya: Peradeniya, 2010) Karunananda, D. P; Peiris, S
Poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd) is a popular pot plant in many countries and there is a high potential to introduce it to the Sri Lankan floriculture markets. Naturally, poinsettia becomes colourful under short day conditions. However, artificial induction of flowers is necessary for it to produce marketable plants throughout the year. In the natural condition, plants show a vigorous growth and the height is undesirable to accept as a pot plant. Hence, pinching and application of growth retardants were practiced in this study to obtain short bushy plants. Potted rooted cuttings of Euphobia pulcherrima Willd were subjected to single and double pinching and to cycocel and B-nine applications, in 12 combinations. Significantly greater height reduction of shoots (20 cm) and highest number of shoots per plant (36) were obtained when the plants were exposed to double pinching followed by 1500 ppm cycocel application at 14 day intervals. Application of plant growth regulator, B-nine (5000 ppm) did not exert much effect on reducing the shoot height. However, it had some effect on increased shoot production in combination with double pinch. Double pinch gave significantly greater height reduction and increased shoot number when growth regulators were applied.
Unknown
Effects of selected post harvest treatments on vase life of cut flower gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus)
(Postgraduate Institute of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya: Peradeniya, 2000) Premawardena, P. S; Peiris, B. C. N; Peiris, S
A postharvest storage study with different treatments was carried out to investigate a procedure in prolonging the vase life of cut-flower gladiolus. Various chemical and non chemical treatments which are locally available were used. In comparison with the control (distilled water), beverages such as 7-UP™ in different concentrations, specific anti-ethylene compounds, silver nitrate and silver thiosulphate (STS), benzyl amino purine (BAP) in different concentrations, hot water treatment to the base ofthe flower stalk as a sterilizing method, maintaining the pH at 3.5 using HCI, eylene oxidization with KMn04 and ethylene absorption with activated charcoal were tested The longest vase-life and the best visual quality were achieved by gladiolus flowers treated with 25% 7-UP™. Next best visual quality were achieved by Silver nitrate, 2.25% 7-UP™, 4 mg t' KMn04 and STS in the descending order. Flowers treated with 2 mg t' KMn04 and the control (distilled water) had the lowest vase life. The visual quality was lowest in flowers treated with 2 mg t1 KMnO^ When the cots ofcompounds used were considered the study indicates that the treatment 7-UP™ and KMn04 were found to be the cheapest, while silver nitrate and silver thiosulphate are comparatively expensive.
Open Access
Efficient low cost seesap (CSUP) technique for micropropagation of newly introduced sweetener plant, Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni
(Academic Journals, 2019) Peiris, S; Lankika, P. C; Thilakarathne, P. L
Stevia rebaudiana is a non-caloric sweetening herb, which has a high potential for commercialization. During this study low cost media sterilization, seesap (CSUP) technique which applies sodium hypochlorite was used as an alternative to autoclaving. In vitro cultures were established using nodal segments collected from stevia mother plants. These in vitro shoots were cultured on Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 16 combinations of 6- benzyl amino purine (BAP) and kinetin (KN) with 3% sugar at 5.8 pH, to investigate the in vitro shoot multiplication. The developed shoots were transferred to half MS medium supplemented with 0, 1 and 2 mg/L Indole butyric acid (IBA) with 3, 4 and 5% sugar in nine combinations at 5.8 pH, to investigate the rooting. The well rooted stevia plantlets were transferred to Jiffy™ bags for hardening. The results showed that the combination of 1.0 mg/L BAP and 1.5 mg/L KN resulted in the highest number of shoots (11.8 shoots/shoot). The combination of 2.0 mg/L IBA with 5% sugar in half MS medium resulted in the highest root induction (7.2 roots / plant) and root elongation (1.02 cm). The plants grown in culture medium containing 5% sucrose gave 100% survival rate at acclimatization.
Open Access
Establishment of embryogenic cell suspension culture of chilli (capsicum annum L. var. accuminatum fingerh) for somatic embryogenesis
(Postgraduate Institute of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya: Peradeniya, 1996) Nandakumar, J; Bandara, J. M. R. S; Peiris, S
Chilli [Capsicum annum L. var. accuminatum Fingerh] is one of the important spice crops ofSri Lanka. Embryogenic suspension cultures of chilli were developed with an objective to induce somatic embryogenesis Successful callus induction was obtained from both leaves and cotyledons of two weeks old seedlings in MS medium containing 1 ppm 2, 4 • D, after incubation in the dark for two to three weeks. A combination ofKinetin (0.x ppm) and 2,4- D (1 ppm) promoted callus proliferation at a high rate. Cell suspension cultures were established using 2 g of four week old leaf and cotyledon calli in 20 ml of liquid MS medium with 1 ppm 2, 4- D in 100 ml Erlenmeyer flasks. Weekly sub culturing was performed. MS medium with 2. 4-D (1 ppm) stimulated embryogenesis on cotyledon callus after 12 weeks in culture. Embryogenic calli formed are pale yellow to brown, compact, organized and nodular in appearance. It comprised of small, richly cytoplasmic cells without large vacuoles. Both initiation of embryogenic cells and the subsequent development of these cells into embryoids occurred in the. same MS (2, 4-D 1 ppm) medium. Within a period of five to seven days, 12 week old, 20 ml of embryogenic cell suspension produced 14 proembryoids After 7-14 days they developed into heart stage and to mature embryoids Plantlet development has not observed until now in the tested MS media, containing activated charcoal, zeatin, IBA and GA3.
Open Access
An evaluation of genetic diversity in micropropagated anthurium using starch gel electrophoresis
(Postgraduate Institute of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya: Peradeniya, 1992) Peiris, S; Mantell, S. H; Peiris, C. N; Senanayake, Y. D. A
Anthurium andreanum Lind is a cut flower which is in high demand in the local and export cut flower trades in Sri Lanka. For commercial production of export anthurium cut flowers, it is essential that the selected elite qualities of the flowers borne on this original mother stock plants are maintained consistantly through many generations on vegetative multiplication. Tliis paper reports on stanch gel electrophoresis which was adapted successfully on anthuriums to evaluate genetic diversity if any, in plants derived either from seedlings, conventional stem cuttings or micropropagated clonal plants. Buffered leaf extracts were compared by means of horizontal starch gel electrophoresis to check the variability in cv. 'Crinkled Red'. Isoenzyme banding patterns of malic dehydrogenase (MDH), 6 phosphogluconic dehydrogenase (6 PGDH), phosphogluco isomerase (PGI) and diaphorase (DIAP) were used. Extracts of 105 seedlings, 60 clonal plants produced through rhizome cuttings and 150 in vitro propagated plants were compared to detect possible somaclonal variations in the daughter plants produced. Results of starch gel electrophoresis showed that extracts of seedling plants contained variations, expressed as percentages showing deviant patterns in all five isoenzyme systems assessed: MDH 14%, 6 PGDH 13%, GOT 12%, PGI 14% and DIAP 16%. None of the clonal plants or in vitro propagated plants tested using this technique showed variations in any of the isoenzyme compared. Tlie results of this study showed the genetic diversity in anthwium seedling plants and confirmed that stability was maintained in vegetatively propagated and in vitro propagated plants. Since in vitro propagation produces a large number of uniform and genetically stable plants, in vitro multiplication would appear to be suitable for use in the Sri Lankan floriculture industry
Open Access
Evaluation of public acceptability and longevity of forced bloomed poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima) pots in indoor decorations
(Postgraduate Institute of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya: Peradeniya, 2011) Karunananda, D. P; Peiris, S
Production of attractive marketable poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima) pot plants throughout the year can be achieved by forced blooming in the off season, but it is necessary to study their post production conditions and public acceptability prior to marketing. The poinsettia pot plants produced in the off season, when evaluated on its acceptability by the general public through a questionnaire, indicated that 76.6 % of the participants accepted it as a suitable pot plant for indoor decorations in local festivals. In the experiments conducted to evaluate retention of attractiveness of poinsettia under different indoor conditions, mainly at different light levels, it was revealed that leaves, bracts and bract color of these artificially-induced plants remained more than 8 weeks under 1600-4000 lux light level. Almost all leaves and more than 50 % of colorful bracts dropped under the 1-50 lux, and 50-200 lux light levels within the first four weeks while their color reduced to 50 %.
Open Access
EXTERNAL QUALITY ASSURANCE AT PROGRAM LEVEL: STANDARDS & PERSPECTIVES
(APQN AGM and Conference, 7-8 March, 2014-Hanoi, Vietnam, 2014-03-07) Peiris, S; Peiris, C. N; Wickramasinghe, S
are public/private institutions and responsible for quality and standards • University accountability for quality and standards is a key factor in promoting and safeguarding public confidence • To identify and share good practice in the provision of education • To enable funding judgments to be taken on the basis of the outcomes of reviews • To safeguard the standards of awards and the quality of delivery
Open Access
Forecasting weekly dengue incidence in Sri Lanka: Modified Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average modeling approach
(PLoS ONE, 2024-03-08) Karasinghe, N; Peiris, S; Jayathilaka, R; Dharmasena, T
Dengue poses a significant and multifaceted public health challenge in Sri Lanka, encompassing both preventive and curative aspects. Accurate dengue incidence forecasting is pivotal for effective surveillance and disease control. To address this, we developed an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model tailored for predicting weekly dengue cases in the Colombo district. The modeling process drew on comprehensive weekly dengue fever data from the Weekly Epidemiological Reports (WER), spanning January 2015 to August 2020. Following rigorous model selection, the ARIMA (2,1,0) model, augmented with an autoregressive component (AR) of order 16, emerged as the best-fitted model. It underwent initial calibration and fine-tuning using data from January 2015 to August 2020, and was validated against independent 2000 data. Selection criteria included parameter significance, the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), and Schwarz Bayesian Information Criterion (SBIC). Importantly, the residuals of the ARIMA model conformed to the assumptions of randomness, constant variance, and normality affirming its suitability. The forecasts closely matched observed dengue incidence, offering a valuable tool for public health decision-makers. However, an increased percentage error was noted in late 2020, likely attributed to factors including potential underreporting due to COVID-19-related disruptions amid rising dengue cases. This research contributes to the critical task of managing dengue outbreaks and underscores the dynamic challenges posed by external influences on disease surveillance.
Open Access
Genetic diversity in seed populations of Echinacea purpurea controls the capacity for regeneration, route of morphogenesis and phytochemical composition
(Springer-Verlag, 2006-06) Murch, S. J; Peiris, S; Shi, W. L; Zobayed, S. M. A; Saxena, P. K
The production of new varieties and higher quality products from Echinacea spp. requires a greater understanding of the regulation of plant growth and the production of specific phytometabolites. The current studies were designed to generate elite varieties of Echinacea purpurea based on regeneration efficiency and chemical profile. Clonal propagation of seedling-derived regenerants and screening for antioxidant potential and concentrations of caftaric acid, chlorogenic acid, cichoric acid, cynarin, and echinacoside identified 58 unique germplasm lines. Chemical profiles varied significantly among germplasm lines but were consistent within clones of each line. In temporary immersion bioreactors, exogenous application of the auxin indolebutyric acid significantly increased the cichoric acid and caftaric acid concentration in the root tissues. Together, these demonstrate the potential for selective breeding of elite, highly regenerative, chemically superior, clonally propagated varieties from the naturally occurring genetic variability in the seed populations of E. purpurea.
Open Access
Genetic modification of rosa pinna (Clerodendrum philippinum Schauer) with gai mutant gene for improved plant architecture
(2013) De Silva, E. D. U. D; Herath, M. N. K; Perera, P. A. G. S. K; Fernando, K. K. S; Peiris, S
Rosa pinna (Clerodendrum philippinum Schauer), is a shrub with attractive and fragrant flowers. However, the tall and spread architecture and high leaf to flower ratio hinder its use as an ornamental plant. Hence, changing the level of acceptance of C. philippinum by incorporating a dwarfing gene to the plant is considered useful. A study was conducted to find a suitable regeneration medium and ultimately to modify the plant architecture through transformation of the gibberellic acid inhibitor (gai) mutant dwarfing gene by particle bombardment. Effects of different concentrations of thidiazuron (TDZ:Nphenyl N’ 1,2,3-thidiazol-5-yl urea) on callus initiation and regeneration of shoots and the effects of microcareer flying distance in gene transformation of C. philippinum were investigated. The regenerated shoots were first cultured on hormone free MS medium and transferred to a MS medium with 0.5 mg/L indole butyric acid for rooting after four weeks. The shortest duration for callus initiation, the largest callus volume (28 days after establishment) and the highest number of shoots (75 days after establishment) were observed in 1.5 mg/L TDZ in the MS medium. Results of transferring the gai mutant gene to in vitro leaves of C. philippinum revealed that both the shortest time duration and the highest plant regeneration were at 9 cm micro-carrier flying distance. Leaf tissues of regenerated plants, which carry the gai mutant gene, positively responded for the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) assay. The regenerated shoots were rooted and successfully acclimatized.